Indian tourism has been subjected to constant changes and modifications, with the government regularly putting forth policies and interventions for its development. Recently, the Government of India prepared the Draft National Tourism Policy, targeting green tourism and digitally advanced tourism operations. This draft policy has been shared with industry partners, state governments and other concerned ministries for review and feedback before it is officially sent for approval.
Key Points of the Draft Policy
The policy outlines several key aspects aiming to boost investment in the tourism sector, such as granting the sector industry status and bestowing infrastructure status on hotels. It also dedicates attention to five key areas: green tourism, digital tourism, destination management, skilling the hospitality sector and supporting tourism-related Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Additionally, relief measures and tax concessions for an industry heavily impacted by the pandemic are proposed. It’s important to note that the draft policy doesn’t deal with specific operational issues; it offers framework conditions for sector development, especially in the wake of recent global events.
The Current Scenario of Tourism in India
Dating back to ancient times, India has always attracted numerous travellers due to its religious significance and rich cultural heritage. In the post-independence era, various forms of tourism like business, health and wildlife tourism were introduced, playing a significant role in the nation’s economy. Today, Indian tourism is ranked 10th in influencing the World’s GDP, contributing 6.8% to India’s total economy in 2019. As of 2021, India boasts 40 sites listed under the ‘World Heritage List’ and provides around 39 million jobs, which constituted 8% of the nation’s total employment in FY20.
Significance and Impacts of Tourism
Tourism plays a vital role in the Indian economy by boosting the service sector, promoting foreign exchange and aiding in preservation of national heritage. It also bolsters cultural pride, infrastructural development and promotes international recognition and cultural diplomacy. It is estimated that by 2029, Indian tourism is expected to provide approximately 53 million jobs.
Challenges Facing Indian Tourism
Despite its significant contributions and potential, Indian tourism faces several challenges. Among the most prominent are infrastructure-related problems, safety and security issues, a lack of skilled manpower and the absence of basic amenities at tourist locations. The seasonality of tourism also presents an issue, with a high concentration of tourists from October to March and a particularly heavy influx in November and December.
Key Initiatives Related to Tourism
Several initiatives have been launched in response to these challenges. These include the Swadesh Darshan Scheme for infrastructure development, the PRASAD Scheme for holistic development of identified pilgrimage destinations, the creation of Iconic Tourist Sites and the organization of the Buddhist Conclave. The Ministry of Tourism also launched the ‘Dekho Apna Desh’ Initiative in 2020 to encourage Indian citizens to explore their own country, consequently aiding in the development of domestic tourism facilities and infrastructure.
The Way Forward
While the existing measures are commendable, faster development of all sorts of infrastructure (physical, social and digital) is a need of the hour. Prioritising the safety of tourists and launching an official guide system for them are also necessary steps to be taken. Encouraging residents to treat tourists well can also help in creating a safe and welcoming environment. Further, promotion of alternate forms of tourism such as medical tourism and adventure tourism can solve seasonality problems. With its extensive natural, geographic, cultural and artistic diversity, India holds enormous opportunities in the tourism industry that are yet to be fully explored and utilized.
Last Modified: February 15, 2024