In the context of Indian education policy, a significant development has surfaced. 14 states and Union Territories have yet to sign a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with the Ministry of Education. This MoU would mandate the implementation of the National Education Policy (NEP) to avail funds for the next three years under the Pradhan Mantri Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (PM-USHA).
The requirement for MoU and States’ Concerns
The necessity of this MoU lies in its provisions for effective planning, execution, and monitoring. It aims to bring state proposals in line with NEP for enhanced coherence. Tailoring activities to fit specific needs, identifying priority districts through key indicators, and more efficient resource allocation are among the benefits this scheme provides to states and union territories.
However, not all are on board with this agreement. Particular state governments have noted their discontentment, primarily due to the absence of any provision addressing additional funding required for implementing NEP reforms. With states accountable for 40% of PM-USHA expenses, a lack of clarity on funding mechanisms for changes related to NEP is causing concern.
Details about the PM-USHA Scheme
Launched in 2023, the PM-USHA scheme succeeds the Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA), which was initiated in October 2013. The revamped scheme aligns with the National Education Policy. Its goal is to provide strategic funding to higher education institutions across the country, with a focus on equity, access, inclusion, quality teaching, learning processes, among other areas.
Objective and Key Features of PM-USHA
The primary objective of PM-USHA is to enhance the quality of existing state higher educational institutions. This enhancement is anticipated through conformity to prescribed norms and standards and the adoption of accreditation as a quality assurance framework.
Key features of the scheme include the MERU Transformation, Model Degree Colleges, and Enhanced Universities provisions. It supports state universities with significant funding, grants for strengthening existing universities, and proposals for establishing new model degree colleges. This scheme also prioritizes remote and aspirational areas, including regions affected by Left-Wing Extremism (LWE) and areas exhibiting low Gross Enrolment Ratios (GER).
Support for Gender Inclusion, Equity, and Skill Upgradation
In addition to improving education quality and access, PM-USHA seeks to promote gender inclusion and equity. It also focuses on enhancing skills for better employability via Information and Communication Technology (ICT).
All these reforms and initiatives depend significantly on the MoU’s successful implementation between states and the Ministry of Education. Despite the current standoff over the MoU’s terms, particularly regarding funding mechanisms, this agreement will play an integral role in integrating NEP goals and enhancing the quality of higher education across Indian states.