The Aeronautical Development Agency (ADA) has recently revealed the future plans of India’s air combat development. As per ADA’s announcement, the Lightweight Combat Aircraft Tejas-Mk2 (LCA) is set to be rolled out next year, followed by its first flight in 2023. Additionally, the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) is due to be launched in 2024 and will first take to the skies in 2025. Concurrently, a twin-engine deck-based fighter jet, engineered for use on the Navy’s aircraft carriers, is also advancing well.
The Light Combat Aircraft Tejas-Mk2
The LCA Tejas-Mk2 is being touted as a 4.5 generation aircraft, positioned to replace the existing Mirage 2000 class aircraft in use by the Indian Air Force. Not only does this new model sport a more powerful engine, but it will also be able to transport a hefty 6.5 tonnes of payload. This technology builds on that developed for the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA).
The origins of the LCA programme can be traced back to the 1980s. Initiated to replace India’s outdated MiG-21 fighters, the project was brought to life through the collaborative efforts of ADA acting as the chief body, aided by Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), a state-owned enterprise. The commencement of production for Tejas-Mk2 is projected to be around 2025.
Variants of Tejas
The Tejas program has also given rise to several different versions of the aircraft. The 2-seater Tejas Trainer serves as an operational conversion trainer, providing pilots with practical experience. The LCA Navy offers both twin-seat and single-seat carrier-capable models for use by the Indian Navy. The LCA Tejas Navy MK2 is the second phase of the Navy variant.
Following these, we have the LCA Tejas Mk-1A, which improves upon the original Mk1 with its more potent engine. Lastly, the LCA Tejas Mk-2 that follows the Mk-1A will deliver a superior degree of manoeuvrability.
The Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA)
The AMCA serves as a fifth-generation aircraft and is intended for use by the Indian Air Force. As a stealth aircraft, its design primarily focuses on stealth rather than manoeuvrability. The aircraft will carry weapons internally to maintain a low radar cross-section and comes in a unique shape that compliments this purpose.
When external weapons are removed, the AMCA boasts enough fuel and internal weapons to fulfil a considerable operational role in stealth mode. Depending on the selected mode, the AMCA can cover distances between 1,000 km to 3,000 km.
AMCA Variants and Manufacturing
The AMCA will be available in two variants, Mk-1 and Mk-2. While the AMCA Mk-1 will utilize an imported engine identical to that in the LCA Mk-2, the AMCA Mk-2 will harness an indigenous engine.
The manufacturing and production of the AMCA will be conducted via a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV). This SPV will include participation from the private industry, furthering the collaboration between public and private sectors.