The recent analysis of the Hangul, also known as the Kashmiri Stag, population has brought to light concerning trends in their fawn-hind and stag-hind ratios. This investigation was carried out by the Department of Wildlife Protection, Jammu & Kashmir (DWLP) in partnership with the Wildlife Institute of India (WII). Observations show there may be significant implications for the future conservation and management of these deer populations.
Understanding the Hangul: Fawns, Hinds, and Stags
A ‘fawn’ refers to a young deer in its first year. A female deer that is over three years old is classified as a ‘hind’, while her mature male counterpart is known as a ‘stag’. The ratios between males and females, as well as ratios between fawns and females, play an essential role in effectively managing and conserving deer populations, including the Hangul.
The focus on gender and age ratio is pivotal as it directly impacts the survival and growth of the population. Any imbalances can lead to severe population decline or genetic issues due to a lack of diversity.
Distribution of Hangul Population in Kashmir
While the Hangul is predominantly found in the Dachigam Wildlife Sanctuary, located near Srinagar, sporadic sightings have also been reported at the Overa-Aru Wildlife Sanctuary in South Kashmir. Limited distribution increases the vulnerability of this species, making conservation efforts critical to their survival.
This deer species holds significant socio-cultural value in the region as the state animal of Jammu and Kashmir. Furthermore, it garners national importance as the only surviving species of red deer in India, adding further urgency to initiatives aimed at protecting and growing its population.
Zones of Existence: The Dachigam Wildlife Sanctuary
Dachigam, translating to ‘ten villages’, is a National Park situated approximately 22 kilometers from Srinagar, in Jammu and Kashmir. The sanctuary gained fame primarily due to its Hangul population.
Dachigam’s Fauna and Flora
Aside from the Hangul, Dachigam is home to an array of diverse wildlife species. Among them, the Hangul stands out, owing to its uniqueness and endangered status.
The park’s ecological richness extends beyond its fauna, encompassing a wide variety of plant life. This includes walnut, apricot, apple, pear, wild cherry, plum, chestnut, willow, oak, and birch trees. This diverse flora plays a critical role in maintaining the park’s ecosystem balance while providing a suitable habitat for the Hangul and other wildlife species.
Table of Hangul Populations and Ratios
| Year | Hangul Population | Fawn-Hind Ratio | Stag-Hind Ratio |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 200 | 0.8:1 | 1.2:1 |
| 2017 | 180 | 0.7:1 | 1.3:1 |
| 2018 | 150 | 0.6:1 | 1.5:1 |
The Urgent Need for Conservation
With the alarming decrease in Hangul population, as well as an observed imbalance in the fawn-hind and stag-hind ratios, there is an urgent need for more focused conservation efforts. Addressing these challenges will not only help save this unique species but also preserve the delicate ecological balance within their habitat.
