Amur falcons, recognized globally as the longest travelling raptors, commence their extensive journey with the winter onset. Annually, millions of these raptors migrate from their breeding grounds situated in Southeastern Siberia and northern China, crisscrossing vast expanses of Indian territories and airspaces, until they navigate over the Indian Ocean to finally reach southern Africa. Subsequently, they return back to their initial positions in Mongolia and Siberia. This migratory route, spanning an enormous 22,000-kilometres, is unparalleled in length compared to other avian species. Their unique name derives from the Amur River that demarcates the borders between Russia and China.
Stopover at India: The Doyang Lake in Nagaland
In this rigorous migration, the Doyang Lake located in Nagaland plays a crucial role by providing a respite stopover for the Amur falcons. The lake’s strategic location and favorable conditions have made it a well-known transit point where the weary travelers recuperate before embarking on the remainder of their journey towards warm South Africa. Consequently, Nagaland has received global recognition as the “Falcon Capital of the World”.
India’s Role in Amur Falcon Conservation
India’s role in conserving the Amur falcons has been proactive and commendable. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List categorizes these birds under the least concern category. However, recognizing the ecological significance of these migrants, the Indian government has taken measures to protect the species through legislation and international conventions.
Indian Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 legally safeguards the Amur falcons, stressing upon strict penalties for any harm inflicted upon them. Furthermore, India is a signatory to the Convention on Migratory Species. This binding agreement mandates the protection of the Amur Falcons, reinforcing India’s commitment towards their conservation.
Snapshot: Key Facts about Amur Falcons
| Name | Amur Falcons |
|---|---|
| Origin of Name | Amur River (Russia-China border) |
| Migration Route | 22,000 kilometres (from Siberia and China to South Africa via India) |
| Key Stopover Point | Doyang Lake, Nagaland, India |
| Protection Laws | Indian Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 and the Convention on Migratory Species |
Mandatory Protection for the World’s Longest Travelling Raptors
In light of the mandatory protection accorded to these birds under national and international laws, the onus lies on all stakeholders to ensure their safe passage. From individual citizens to governmental officials, everyone has a pivotal role in maintaining the ecological balance by safeguarding these unique migrants on their strenuous journey. Amur falcons, with their extraordinary migration, not only represent a natural marvel but also serve as a symbol of global conservation efforts.