The Munnar Wildlife Division in Idukki, India, in collaboration with the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), has achieved a remarkable transformation of the Pazhathottam area within the Anamudi Shola National Park. This 50-hectare eco-restoration project involved the removal of exotic tree species and the planting of natural grasses, revitalizing the once-burnt land. The result has been the return of wildlife, including bison and wild elephants, along with increased visits by bird species like the Nigiri Pipit. The project also revitalized natural streams, ensuring downstream water security, and actively engaged local residents through the “Haritha Vasantham” eco-development committee.
Facts/Terms for UPSC Prelims
- Anamudi Shola National Park: A protected national park located in the Idukki district of Kerala, India, known for its rich biodiversity and unique shola-grassland ecosystems.
- Eco-Restoration: The process of restoring ecosystems to their natural or original state by removing invasive or exotic species and reintroducing native plants and wildlife.
- Exotic Species: Non-native or introduced species that can disrupt local ecosystems and biodiversity.
- Bison and Wild Elephants: Indigenous wildlife species, including Indian bison (Gaur) and wild elephants, that have returned to the restored area.
- Nigiri Pipit: A bird species found in the Nilgiri hills region, known for its distinctive song and habitat preferences.
- Water Security: Ensuring a reliable and sustainable supply of clean water for both ecosystems and human communities, particularly downstream areas.
- Eco-Development Committee: A local committee formed to facilitate and manage sustainable development and conservation efforts in an ecologically sensitive area. In this case, “Haritha Vasantham” is the name of the committee involved in the project’s implementation.
