Recent archaeological expedition led by the National Institute for Anthropology and History (INAH) in Mexico has made a significant discovery. Amidst the dense jungle of the Yucatan Peninsula, they have uncovered the remains of an ancient Maya city, Ocomtun.
The Ocomtun, which translates to “stone column” in the Yucatec Maya language, is believed to have been a thriving city between 250 and 1000 AD. The research team capitalized on airborne laser scanning to identify pre-Hispanic structures scattered throughout the region.
What Does the Discovery Reveal About the Maya Civilization?
The newly unearthed city of Ocomtun provides invaluable information about the societal and religious intricacies of the Maya civilization. Renowned for their mathematical ingenuity in devising calendars, this civilization’s advanced practices are reflected in the findings at Ocomtun.
Key Archaeological Findings
One of the most striking features unearthed was an elevated terrain encircled by wetlands, suggesting a strategic settlement pattern. Pottery fragments discovered at the site suggest habitation during the Late Classic period (600-900 A.D.). Furthermore, central altars near the La Riguena river hint at community rituals, emphasizing the spiritual and communal aspects of Maya life.
The Pre-Hispanic Ball Games
Evidence of pre-Hispanic ball games was found in the city, a tradition that was prevalent throughout the Maya region. These games were religious practices that involved passing a rubber ball, symbolizing the sun, through a stone hoop without using hands.
The Decline of an Era
Significant changes likely swept over the site between 800 and 1000 AD, coinciding with the decline of Lowland Maya civilization. This period was marked by a decrease in population, urban centers, and political instability. The fall of Ocomtun and other Maya cities underscored a larger regional collapse, marking a transformative phase in Maya history.
Who Were The Maya?
The Maya are an indigenous people of Mexico and Central America who rose to prominence around 250 AD. They developed complex systems of writing, astronomy, mathematics, art, architecture, and religion. However, despite these advancements, many aspects of their culture and history remain elusive.
Comparisons with Other Ancient Civilizations
Several other ancient civilizations also made their mark on human history. These include the Indus Valley Civilization extending from Northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India; the Mesopotamian Civilization covering Iraq, Syria, and Turkey; the Incan Civilization spanning Ecuador, Peru, and Chile; the Aztec Civilization in Mexico, the Persian Civilization in Iran, along with the Ancient Greek and Egyptian Civilizations.
Understanding Modern-Day Mexico
Today’s Mexico is a Republic of federated states, with Mexico City as its capital. Its official language is Spanish, and its currency is the Peso. The country features several major mountain ranges including the Sierra Madre, as well as major rivers like the Rio Grande and Yaqui.
