The Arab Ki Sarai Baoli, a historic step-well built in the 1560s, is undergoing a revival spearheaded by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI), in collaboration with Agha Khan Trust for Culture (AKTC) and with support from the German embassy. This unique ‘L’ shaped baoli is nestled within the Humayun’s Tomb Complex in Delhi. It was originally constructed by Hamida Banu Begum, chief consort of Mughal emperor Humayan, to provide accommodation for 300 Arabs she had brought from Mecca.
Understanding Baolis: An Ancient Conservation Tool
Baolis or step-wells are man-made water tanks designed for the conservation and recharge of groundwater. They stand as a testament to the advanced understanding and commitment towards water conservation in times long past, even before the modern world acknowledged the importance of preserving freshwater resources. These structures, built out of necessity and survival, reflect an awareness of environmental care that is still very relevant today.
The Role of Baoli in Delhi’s Water Management
Delhi, being a city with significant historical roots, is home to approximately 14 baolis. Some of these include Tughlaqabad Fort Baoli, Rajon Ki Baoli, Gandhak Ki Baoli, Qutub Sahib Ki Baoli, Anangtal Baoli, Wazirpur Monument Complex Baoli, Hazrat Nizamuddin Ki Baoli, Purana Quila Baoli, Agrasen Ki Baoli, Feroz Shah Kotla Fort Baoli, Red Fort Baoli, Hindu Rao Hospital Baoli and Dwarka Baoli.
These baolis served as crucial water sources during their time, offering a sustainable solution to water scarcity. They were strategically built to harness the monsoon rains and replenish the groundwater table. Today, while many baolis are no longer in use due to modern water supply systems, their historical and architectural significance remains irreplaceable.
| Name of Baoli | Location |
|---|---|
| Tughlaqabad Fort Baoli | Tughlaqabad |
| Rajon Ki Baoli | Mehrauli Archaeological Park |
| Gandhak Ki Baoli | Mehrauli, South Delhi |
| Qutub Sahib Ki Baoli | Near the Dargah of Qutbuddin Bakhtiar Kaki, Mehrauli |
| Anangtal Baoli | Yusuf Sarai Community Centre, Aurobindo Marg, Green Park |
| Wazirpur Monument Complex Baoli | Pir Wazirpur Village |
The Revival of Arab Ki Sarai Baoli
The revival of Arab Ki Sarai Baoli is a significant step towards preserving India’s historic architecture and raising awareness about this ancient way of water conservation. This effort is a joint collaboration between ASI, AKTC, and the German embassy. With the continued work from these organizations, there is hope that more of these architectural treasures will be restored and valued for their historical significance.
