Nimesulide, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) known for its pain-relieving and fever-reducing properties, has come under scrutiny due to its potential threat to vultures. Conservationists are urging for the ban of this drug to protect the critically endangered vulture species.
The Plight of Vultures:
- Endangered Status: Vultures, particularly the long-billed vulture, oriental white-backed vulture, and slender-billed vulture, face the risk of extinction in India. These three Gyps species are critically endangered, and their survival is at stake.
- Ecological Significance: Vultures play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance. Recognized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, these birds efficiently dispose of carcasses, preventing the spread of diseases and ensuring a healthy ecosystem.
Banning Harmful Drugs:
- Previous Bans: The Drugs Technical Advisory Board took a significant step by banning aceclofenac and ketoprofen, two drugs known to have toxic effects on vultures. This decision followed the ban on diclofenac in 2006.
- Call for Inclusion: While aceclofenac and ketoprofen are now prohibited, conservationists argue that nimesulide should also be included in the ban due to its potential threat to vultures. The Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS), Indian Veterinary Research Institute, and Wildlife Institute of India are actively advocating for this inclusion.
- Comprehensive Approach: Banning harmful drugs is an essential component of vulture conservation efforts. However, it is crucial to conduct comprehensive research to identify other drugs that may pose a risk to these endangered birds.
- The Threat of Contaminated Animal Carcasses: Apart from drug toxicity, conservationists are concerned about vultures consuming contaminated animal carcasses.
- Poisoned Carcasses: Animals, such as cattle and stray dogs, are often disposed of on dumping grounds and may be intentionally poisoned with insecticides or pesticides. This retaliatory action poses a significant threat to vultures.
- Regional Challenges: The issue of contaminated animal carcasses is particularly prevalent in regions like Rajasthan, Gujarat, and northeastern India, further exacerbating the challenges faced by vultures.
- A Significant Step, But More to be Done: The recent ban on aceclofenac and ketoprofen marks a significant step toward vulture conservation in India. However, conservationists argue that the ban should extend to nimesulide due to its potential harm to these endangered birds. Furthermore, comprehensive research is needed to identify and address the impact of other drugs on vultures’ well-being.
