Bihar state government is stepping up efforts to transform Punaura Dham, a temple complex in Sitamarhi district alleged to be the birthplace of Goddess Sita, into a significant tourist attraction. As Lord Rama’s wife and a distinguished figure in Hinduism, Goddess Sita’s birthplace holds substantial cultural and historical relevance. The initiative aims to extend the rich cultural heritage of Mithila, the region where Sita is believed to have been born and raised.
Birth Story of Goddess Sita According to Valmiki Ramayana
According to Valmiki Ramayana, Sita appeared from a furrow when King Janaka was ploughing the land. As the then ruler of Mithila, King Janaka adopted her as his daughter, naming her Sita – signifying “furrow” in Sanskrit. She was also referred to as “Janaki,” meaning “daughter of Janaka”.
Mithila: A Glance at its Rich History and Cultural Aspects
Mithila, a region encompassing Darbhanga, Madhubani, Sitamarhi, Supaul, Saharsa, Madhepura, and adjacent areas of Bihar and Nepal, has a profound historical significance dating back to the Vedic era (1500-500 BCE). Known as one of the 16 Mahajanapadas or great kingdoms of ancient India, it was ruled by the Videha Janak dynasty. Frequently referred to as Tirabhukti or Tirhut, Mithila is bordered by the Himalayas in the north, the Ganges in the south, the Gandaki River in the west, and the Mahananda River in the east.
Language and Literature of Mithila: A Rich Literary Legacy
Maithili, the primary language of Mithila belongs to the Indo-Aryan family. With a vibrant literary tradition, Maithili boasts epics, dramas, folktales, and biographies of saints and heroes. Vidyapati (1352–1448 AD), a renowned poet, made a significant contribution to Maithili literature with his love and devotion songs.
The Unique Cultural Heritage of Mithila
One of the standout features of Mithila’s cultural heritage is the Madhubani or Mithila painting. Created using bright earthy natural colours and geometric patterns, these paintings depict scenes from Hindu mythology, particularly the Ramayana, along with flora, fauna, and social events.
Mithila Makhana: A Special GI-tagged Delicacy
Mithila region is also recognized for its cultivation of Mithila Makhana or Makhan (botanical name: Euryale ferox Salisb), a unique variety of aquatic fox nut. Recognized with the GI (geographical indication) tag, Mithila Makhana distinguishes itself as a speciality of the Mithila region of Bihar and Nepal.
