The Chillai Kalan, one of the most severe winter periods lasting 40 days, has recently commenced in Kashmir. This article will delve into what this period entails, its history, cultural significance, and how it impacts everyday life in Kashmir.
Understanding Chillai Kalan
Chillai Kalan is a Persian term that translates to ‘major cold’ and is regarded as the harshest winter period in Kashmir. This bone-chilling seasonal phase starts annually from December 21st and concludes on January 29th. The period is often characterized by a significant drop in temperature, leading to the freezing of water bodies, including the renowned Dal Lake.
During the 40-day Chillai Kalan, the probability of snowfall is at its peak and the maximum temperature plummets noticeably. The minimum temperature in the valley generally stays below freezing point, adding to the severity of the climate.
Subsequent Cold Periods
Following Chillai Kalan, there are two additional cold periods: Chillai Khurd and Chillai Bachha. Chillai Khurd, meaning ‘small cold’, is a 20-day long phase that kicks off on January 30 and ends on February 18. Meanwhile, Chillai Bachha, or ‘baby cold’, lasts for 10 days, from February 19 to February 28.
Impact on Daily Life in Kashmir
The extensive cold brought about by Chillai Kalan profoundly affects the day-to-day life of Kashmiris. The usage of Pheran, a traditional Kashmiri dress, and Kanger, a conventional firing pot, sees a significant increase during this time. It’s also common to find water pipelines partially frozen due to subzero temperatures, crippling normal water supply.
The world-famous Dal Lake also freezes during Chillai Kalan, mirroring the sheer coldness of the period. Despite these challenges, the people of Kashmir find comfort and warmth in their unique winter traditions.
Embracing Winter with Traditional Cuisine
During these severe climatic conditions, Kashmiris celebrate with traditional dishes, most prominently Harissa. This hearty dish consists of lean mutton blended with rice and seasoned with aromatic spices such as fennel, cardamom, clove, and salt. Home to authentic tastes and warm comfort, Harissa provides much-needed warmth during Chillai Kalan.
With fresh supplies becoming scarce due to blocked roads from heavy snowfall, dried vegetables are frequently consumed. The use of preserved foods emphasizes the resourcefulness of the inhabitants amidst harsh weather conditions.
Conclusion
While Chillai Kalan, Chillai Khurd, and Chillai Bachha each present their own share of hardships to the people of Kashmir, these periods also highlight the locals’ resilience. Their ability to adapt and embrace the severe conditions with cultural practices and food traditions is a testament to the enduring spirit of Kashmirs.