In a landmark move, Delhi is set to become the first city in India to introduce hydrogen-enriched compressed natural gas (HCNG) buses in public transportation from November 2020. This initiative will begin as a trial with 50 CNG buses upgraded to use HCNG. The increasing concern over air pollution has necessitated the exploration of alternative fuels and the use of hydrogen in internal combustion engines is emerging as a viable solution. In collaboration with Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) and Indraprastha Gas Limited (IGL), the Delhi government has initiated work to establish India’s debut semi-commercial HCNG station.
An Introduction to HCNG
HCNG is a hybrid fuel created by blending hydrogen and CNG, combining the benefits of both elements. It represents a significant step towards adopting hydrogen as a mainstream fuel, thanks to its almost commercial technology. Given the ever-increasing emission of greenhouse gases and strict environmental regulations, hydrogen offers an effective solution due to its carbon-free operation. Hydrogen’s low ignition energy, high reactivity, diffusivity and burning velocity attributes make it an excellent additive to enhance hydrocarbon fuels’ combustion.
Challenges in Widespread Use of Hydrogen
Despite the benefits of using hydrogen as a fuel, there are some obstacles to its large-scale application. Currently, the infrastructure for hydrogen and refuelling stations is not sufficient to meet the demand. Consequently, the extensive launch of vehicles running on hydrogen alone is impossible in the near future. One potential solution to this issue is blending hydrogen with methane. However, it’s important to note that research into Hydrogen-Enriched Compressed Natural Gas (HCNG) is ongoing.
HCNG: A Double-Edged Sword?
Although HCNG improves fuel efficiency and reduces carbon emissions, it also leads to an increase in NOx emissions. Thus, while HCNG is a promising alternative fuel, more research needs to be done to fully understand its environmental impact.
HCNG Pilot Project in Delhi
In the face of these challenges, Delhi’s pilot project of introducing 50 CNG buses retrofitted with HCNG is a significant initiative. It not only marks a step towards cleaner public transportation but also highlights the importance of pursuing alternative fuels to address air pollution. With this project, Delhi is setting an example for other cities to follow.
Table: Key Facts about HCNG
| Fact | Description |
|---|---|
| What is HCNG? | A blend of Hydrogen and CNG, providing the benefits of both. |
| Why HCNG? | It offers improved fuel efficiency and reduced carbon emissions. |
| Challenges with HCNG | Increased NOx emissions highlight the need for ongoing research. |
| Delhi’s Initiative | First city in India to introduce HCNG buses in public transport. |
Looking Towards a Hydrogen Future
While the path to a hydrogen economy has its obstacles, efforts like Delhi’s pilot project underscore the potential of hydrogen as a clean and efficient fuel. As we move forward, the development and enhancement of hydrogen infrastructure will be key to unlocking this potential and realizing a sustainable future.