The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the U.S. Military, in collaboration with Lockheed Martin, are embarking on a groundbreaking project named Demonstration Rocket for Agile Cislunar Operations (DRACO). This ambitious endeavor aims to launch a nuclear-powered satellite into Earth’s orbit in late 2025 or early 2026. The spacecraft will conduct an in-space test of Nuclear Thermal Propulsion (NTP) technology, marking a significant milestone in space exploration.
Partnership for Advancement
NASA and the U.S. government-led Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) have joined forces to push the boundaries of space exploration. By combining their expertise and resources, they seek to propel human space missions beyond the confines of current capabilities.
Lockheed Martin Takes the Lead
Lockheed Martin, a renowned aerospace and defense company, has been selected to lead the design, construction, and testing of the nuclear-powered rocket. With its extensive experience in the aerospace industry, Lockheed Martin is well-equipped to handle the technical challenges of the DRACO project.
Introducing DRACO
The Demonstration Rocket for Agile Cislunar Operations (DRACO) program sets its sights on conducting a crucial test in space by 2027. The primary objective of this ambitious initiative is to demonstrate a nuclear thermal rocket (NTR) in orbit.
The Power of Nuclear Thermal Propulsion
NTRs utilize a nuclear reactor to heat propellant to extreme temperatures before expelling the superheated propellant through a nozzle, producing high-thrust propulsion. Compared to conventional space propulsion technologies, NTRs offer a remarkable high thrust-to-weight ratio, approximately 10,000 times greater than electric propulsion, and exhibit two-to-five times greater specific impulse (i.e., propellant efficiency) than in-space chemical propulsion.
Shortening Travel Time to Mars
One of the most significant advantages of nuclear propulsion is its potential to significantly reduce travel time for crewed missions to distant celestial bodies like Mars. With the high thrust capabilities of NTRs, astronauts can reach their destinations faster, making space exploration more efficient and feasible.
Enhanced Safety for Astronauts
The application of nuclear thermal propulsion in future missions will not only expedite travel but also make space missions less complex and safer for astronauts. The reliability and efficiency of NTRs can minimize mission durations and reduce exposure to hazardous space environments.
NASA’s Investment in DRACO
NASA has shown its commitment to the DRACO partnership by allocating up to $300 million for the project. This financial investment includes up to $250 million dedicated to the design and development of the nuclear-powered engine. The funding will also cover technical oversight and expertise from NASA personnel, ensuring the success of the program.
