Dolphin Conservation Efforts Stalled in Bihar

The conservation of the Gangetic river dolphin, an endangered species in India, faces important challenges. The National Dolphin Research Centre (NDRC) in Bihar, inaugurated eight months ago, remains non-operational. This facility was established to promote research and conservation of the Gangetic river dolphin but has not commenced any activities due to a lack of essential equipment and skilled personnel.

Current Status of the NDRC

The NDRC is located near the Ganga river in Patna. Despite its impressive infrastructure, it stands empty with locked doors. Only a few security guards are present. Local residents frequent the area, denoting the neglect of this vital conservation initiative. Experts express disappointment over the inactivity, as the centre was expected to facilitate important research on the dolphins’ behaviour and habitat.

Importance of the Gangetic River Dolphin

The Gangetic river dolphin is India’s national aquatic animal. It is classified as endangered under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). With around 3,000 dolphins in India, Bihar is home to approximately half of this population. These dolphins are unique as they are blind and rely on echolocation for navigation and hunting.

Challenges Faced by the NDRC

The NDRC’s non-operation stems from inadequate resources. Experts like RK Sinha and Gopal Sharma have voiced concerns about the delay hindering essential scientific research. The facility was approved in 2013, but construction only began after 2020 due to various bureaucratic delays. The NDRC is critical for studying the dolphins and training local fishermen to protect them.

Government Response and Future Plans

Bihar’s Chief Wildlife Warden PK Gupta has acknowledged the setbacks. He assures that the NDRC will become operational within the current financial year. The centre aims to be a hub for dolphin conservation and research, addressing the urgent need for resources and expertise.

Legal and Environmental Considerations

The National Green Tribunal has recently taken note of environmental threats to the Gangetic dolphin population, such as debris from a collapsed bridge in Bhagalpur. This situation puts stress on the need for immediate action to safeguard the dolphins’ habitat and promote conservation efforts.

Significance of Research and Conservation

Research at the NDRC is essential for understanding the Gangetic river dolphin’s ecology and the threats it faces. The delay in operationalising the centre not only impacts the dolphin population but also hampers broader environmental conservation efforts in the region.

Conclusion

The NDRC’s future operations will play a critical role in the preservation of the Gangetic river dolphin. The successful implementation of its functions is vital for the survival of this unique species in India.

Questions for UPSC:

1. Examine the significance of the Gangetic river dolphin in India’s aquatic ecosystem.
2. Critically discuss the challenges faced by wildlife conservation initiatives in India.
3. Point out the implications of bureaucratic delays on environmental conservation projects.
4. Analyse the role of local communities in the conservation of endangered species in India.

Answer Hints:

1. Examine the significance of the Gangetic river dolphin in India’s aquatic ecosystem.

1. The Gangetic river dolphin is India’s national aquatic animal, symbolizing biodiversity and ecological health.
2. They play important role in maintaining the balance of the aquatic ecosystem by controlling fish populations.
3. As bioindicators, their presence reflects the overall health of freshwater habitats and signals environmental changes.
4. With approximately 3,000 dolphins in India, they contribute to the cultural and ecological identity of the Ganga river basin.
5. Conserving this species is vital for preserving the unique biodiversity of the region and promoting sustainable ecosystems.

2. Critically discuss the challenges faced by wildlife conservation initiatives in India.

1. Inadequate funding and resources often hinder the establishment and operation of conservation centers like the NDRC.
2. Bureaucratic delays in project approvals and implementation lead to stagnation in conservation efforts.
3. Lack of skilled manpower and advanced equipment limits research and effective conservation strategies.
4. Human-wildlife conflict, habitat destruction, and pollution further threaten endangered species and their ecosystems.
5. Public awareness and community involvement are often insufficient, reducing the effectiveness of conservation initiatives.

3. Point out the implications of bureaucratic delays on environmental conservation projects.

1. Bureaucratic delays can lead to prolonged inactivity in conservation centers, stalling vital research and conservation efforts.
2. Such delays can exacerbate the threats faced by endangered species, leading to population declines.
3. They undermine public trust and support for conservation initiatives, affecting future funding and participation.
4. Legal challenges and environmental degradation may arise due to slow responses to urgent conservation needs.
5. Ultimately, these delays can hinder the achievement of national and international conservation goals.

4. Analyse the role of local communities in the conservation of endangered species in India.

1. Local communities can provide invaluable traditional knowledge and practices that aid conservation efforts.
2. Engagement of local populations encourages stewardship and responsibility towards protecting endangered species.
3. Community-based conservation initiatives can create economic incentives for protecting wildlife, such as ecotourism.
4. Training local fishermen on sustainable practices can reduce human-dolphin conflicts and enhance conservation outcomes.
5. Effective communication and collaboration between conservationists and local communities are essential for successful conservation strategies.