The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), an essential wing of the Ministry of Defence, recently celebrated its 64th Foundation Day on 1st January, 2022. This organisation has made fundamental strides in developing innovative defence technologies that have significantly strengthened India’s military power.
The Establishment and Purpose of DRDO
The DRDO was established in 1958, merging the Technical Development Establishment (TDEs) of the Indian Army with the Directorate of Technical Development & Production (DTDP) and the Defence Science Organisation (DSO). The goal was to empower India with cutting-edge defence technologies and foster self-reliance within the military. The DRDO has delivered on this mission by successfully producing various strategic systems and platforms, including the Agni and Prithvi series of missiles, Light Combat Aircraft, Tejas, multi-barrel rocket launcher, Pinaka, and air defence system, Akash.
Network and Programmes
Operating under the DRDO banner are over 50 laboratories engaged in a diverse range of defence technology development. From electronics to combat vehicles and engineering systems, these labs work towards continually strengthening India’s defence systems. One notable project is the Integrated Guided-Missile Development Programme (IGMDP), spearheaded by Dr APJ Abdul Kalam. IGMDP aims at making Indian defence forces self-sufficient in missile technology. Other vital initiatives include the Mobile Autonomous Robot System, designed to handle and disarm land mines and Inert Explosive Devices (IEDs).
Achievements and Milestones
DRDO’s achievements span from missile technology to setting up the Highest Terrestrial Centre in Ladakh. Located a staggering 17,600 feet above sea level, this centre acts as a cold storage unit for preserving natural and medicinal plants. It also showcases a range of recent developments including the Extreme Cold Weather Clothing System (ECWCS) ‘Pralay’.
Challenges Faced by DRDO
While the organisation has made significant advancements, it isn’t without its hurdles. Chief among them is inadequate budgetary support, as revealed by the Standing Committee on Defence during 2016-17. The reduction in DRDO’s share from the total defence budget over the years has stalled ongoing projects. Manpower insufficiency in certain critical areas and a lack of synergy with the armed forces also pose challenges. Furthermore, issues like cost escalation, delays, and perceived inadequacy in project delivery have affected the organisation’s reputation.
DRDO’s Way Forward
To address these concerns, restructuring suggestions include streamlining DRDO and setting up a commercial arm to facilitate profitability and circumvent project completion delays. Also, a proposed Defence Technology Commission may offer enhanced roles for DRDO. This proposal emphasizes an open book management style and encourages free, fair, and fearless knowledge sharing within the organisation.
