In recent events, the Chief Election Commissioner made an address at an international conference for Election Management Bodies (EMBs) hosted by the Election Commission of India (ECI). This conference took place under the United States’ ‘Summit for Democracy’ framework. During his inaugural speech, the commissioner appealed to social media platforms, encouraging them to leverage their algorithm power to proactively flag misleading information.
The Concerns Surrounding the Dissemination of False Information
Several issues have arisen regarding the uncontrolled spread of misinformation on social media platforms. Content moderation by these platforms serves as a divergent tactic that distracts from the more significant problem, namely, the distribution of disinformation as part of business strategies.
Furthermore, social media platforms have become influential in public discourse, with a few individuals gaining disproportionate control. The lack of transparency presented by such platforms adds to the challenge of regulating false information. Additionally, the measures adopted by these social media platforms to counter misinformation remain inconsistent and ineffective.
These platforms have enabled the weaponization of false information by vested interests to foster real-world harm and degrade democracy in India. Misinformation disseminated through these applications contributes to societal division, vaccine hesitancy, and real-life violence.
Impact of Digital Media Illiteracy and Anonymity
Other concerns include digital media illiteracy among children and threats stemming from user anonymity. The National Education Policy 2020 falls short in integrating media literacy into the curriculum, leaving children vulnerable to false information. Simultaneously, anonymous social media users can spread misinformation without accountability, causing more harm than good.
Evaluating the Pros and Cons of Social Media in Elections
Social media plays a crucial role in election campaigns, with several advantages and disadvantages. On the positive side, digital strategies assist in planning political rallies and party manifestos. Influencing undecided voters, disseminating information, and addressing public concerns are accomplished with ease through social media.
However, social media has its downside in politics. It aids in promoting polarization, misrepresenting facts, and creating a political logjam. Furthermore, only affluent political parties can afford significant social media presence and hence influence the majority of the voter base.
Regulating Media during Elections
While the Election Commission does not directly regulate media, it enforces legal provisions linked to media functionality during elections. These include restrictions on displaying election matter close to poll conclusions, conducting exit polls, and publishing election pamphlets.
The Path Forward
The use of social media platforms by politicians during elections requires a focused review by social media platforms, political parties, civil society, and election authorities. Comprehensive guidelines need to be framed to ensure fair use of these platforms, respecting individual rights, and preventing undue influence on elections. The goal should be to ensure free, fair elections where voting reflects people’s choices and preferences.