Cancer and tobacco-related diseases, mainly caused by single stick cigarettes and Gutka, are critical health concerns globally. Recently, the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Health and Family Welfare recommended a ban on the sale of single sticks of cigarettes in a report on Cancer Management, Prevention, and Diagnosis. This article delves into the reasons and implications of such prohibition, its potential efficacy, and the controls measures in place within India.
Why is there a Need for the Ban?
Oral cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in India, with tobacco consumption accounting for roughly 50% of all cancers. Single stick cigarettes attract customers due to their affordability compared to a full pack. Enforcing a ban would make buying cigarettes less economical, potentially reducing their usage. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has stated that any tobacco exposure is harmful and poses significant health risks. Furthermore, quitting tobacco without support is difficult as nicotine is highly addictive.
Key Recommendations on Tobacco Sale
The National Health Policy (2017) aims to reduce current tobacco use by 30% by 2025. To achieve this target, it suggests prohibiting the sale of single sticks of cigarettes, abolishing designated smoking areas, increasing taxes on tobacco products, and banning gutka and pan masala. The revenues from tax increases can fund cancer prevention and awareness initiatives.
Potential Efficacy of the Ban
Implementing a nationwide ban on loose cigarettes isn’t practical due to the sheer number of small shops selling these products. Such a ban could also spur illegal trade in cigarettes, which might result in lower quality products causing more harm to consumers. A vendor licensing regime needs to be instituted for the ban to be effective.
Tobacco Control Measures in India
India has several policies in place to curb tobacco consumption, including the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO FCTC), the Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) 2003, National Tobacco Control Programme (NTCP), 2008, and the mCessation Programme. The government also observes May 31st as ‘World No Tobacco Day’ to raise awareness about the adverse effects of tobacco consumption.
Future Directions
For effective tobacco control, there’s a need for comprehensive policy, accessible cessation services, strengthening the implementation of COTPA, and ensuring alternative opportunities for people engaged in tobacco cultivation, processing and manufacturing. Education and awareness are paramount in decreasing loose cigarette purchases. Strategies include public awareness campaigns, educational programs in schools, and prominent graphic health warnings.