Hemkund Sahib Ropeway Project

The Government of India has recently approved infrastructure project aimed at enhancing accessibility to the revered Hemkund Sahib Ji. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, sanctioned the construction of a 12.4 km ropeway from Govindghat to Hemkund Sahib Ji in Uttarakhand. This project is expected to transform the pilgrimage experience for thousands of devotees and tourists.

Project Overview

The ropeway will be developed under the Design, Build, Finance, Operate and Transfer (DBFOT) model. The total capital cost of the project is estimated at Rs. 2,730.13 crore. Currently, reaching Hemkund Sahib Ji involves a strenuous 21-km trek from Govindghat, which can be undertaken on foot or via ponies and palanquins.

Technological Features

The ropeway will utilise advanced technologies. It will feature a Monocable Detachable Gondola (MDG) system for the first segment from Govindghat to Ghangaria, covering 10.55 km. The second segment from Ghangaria to Hemkund Sahib Ji will incorporate the Tricable Detachable Gondola (3S) technology, spanning 1.85 km. This system will have a design capacity of 1,100 passengers per hour per direction, facilitating the transport of approximately 11,000 passengers per day.

Economic Impact

The project is anticipated to create substantial employment opportunities. Jobs will arise during the construction phase and in ongoing operations. The ripple effect will extend to allied sectors, including hospitality, travel, and food and beverages. This development aims to encourage balanced socio-economic growth in the region.

Tourism and Pilgrimage Significance

Hemkund Sahib Ji is a prominent pilgrimage site situated at an elevation of 15,000 feet in Chamoli district. The Gurudwara at this holy site is open for about five months each year, attracting between 150,000 to 200,000 pilgrims annually. The trek also serves as a gateway to the Valley of Flowers, a UNESCO World Heritage site renowned for its stunning biodiversity.

Last Mile Connectivity

The ropeway is expected to enhance last-mile connectivity for pilgrims. It will provide a reliable and efficient means of transport, reducing the physical strain associated with the current trek. This initiative aligns with the government’s broader vision of improving infrastructure and accessibility in remote areas.

Environmental Considerations

While the project promises economic and social benefits, it is essential to consider environmental impacts. The construction and operation of the ropeway should ensure minimal disruption to the fragile Himalayan ecosystem. Sustainable practices must be integrated into the project’s development.

Questions for UPSC:

1. Critically analyse the socio-economic implications of the Hemkund Sahib ropeway project in Uttarakhand.
2. Explain the role of public-private partnerships in infrastructure development in India.
3. What are the challenges faced in preserving UNESCO World Heritage sites? Provide suitable examples.
4. What is the significance of last-mile connectivity in rural development? How can it be enhanced in hilly terrains?

Answer Hints:

1. Critically analyse the socio-economic implications of the Hemkund Sahib ropeway project in Uttarakhand.

1. The project is expected to boost local tourism, increasing revenue for businesses and the hospitality sector.
2. It will create direct and indirect employment opportunities during construction and operational phases.
3. Enhanced accessibility may lead to improved infrastructure and services in the region, encouraging overall development.
4. The project may lead to increased pilgrimage traffic, which can enhance cultural exchange and community engagement.
5. Potential environmental impacts must be balanced against economic benefits, necessitating sustainable practices.

2. Explain the role of public-private partnerships in infrastructure development in India.

1. Public-private partnerships (PPPs) leverage private sector efficiency and innovation in public projects.
2. They help mobilize financial resources, reducing the burden on government budgets.
3. PPPs can enhance service delivery through better management and operational practices.
4. They encourage risk-sharing between public and private entities, minimizing government exposure to failure.
5. Successful examples include transportation, energy, and urban development projects, showcasing diverse applications.

3. What are the challenges faced in preserving UNESCO World Heritage sites? Provide suitable examples.

1. Increased tourism can lead to environmental degradation and strain on local resources, as seen in the Valley of Flowers.
2. Urbanization and infrastructure development can encroach on heritage sites, threatening their integrity.
3. Climate change poses risks, impacting the natural and cultural elements of heritage sites.
4. Funding for preservation efforts can be limited, leading to inadequate maintenance and conservation practices.
5. Balancing local community needs with preservation priorities can create conflicts, as seen in various global heritage sites.

4. What is the significance of last-mile connectivity in rural development? How can it be enhanced in hilly terrains?

1. Last-mile connectivity improves access to essential services such as healthcare, education, and markets for rural communities.
2. Enhanced connectivity can stimulate local economies by facilitating trade and tourism.
3. In hilly terrains, innovative solutions like cable cars, ropeways, and improved road infrastructure can be effective.
4. Community involvement in planning and maintaining transport solutions ensures they meet local needs and sustainability.
5. Government policies and investments in infrastructure are crucial for developing last-mile connectivity in remote areas.