The Supreme Court of India has issued directives to the central and state governments to ensure the effective implementation of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (Prevention and Control) Act, 2017, also known as the HIV Act. This includes prioritizing cases related to HIV-infected individuals for early disposal and maintaining the anonymity of such individuals. The court emphasized the protection of the property of children and their guardians affected by HIV/AIDS and the care and support of children infected with HIV or AIDS. HIV is a virus that weakens the immune system, potentially leading to AIDS, with no current cure.
Facts/Terms for UPSC Prelims
- HIV Act: The Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (Prevention and Control) Act, 2017, is a legal framework in India aimed at preventing and controlling HIV/AIDS and safeguarding the rights of affected individuals.
- AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome): AIDS is the advanced stage of HIV infection. It compromises the immune system, making individuals vulnerable to severe infections and diseases.
- CD4 Cells: CD4 cells, also known as T-helper cells, are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system. HIV attacks and destroys these cells, weakening the immune response.
- Anonymity of HIV-Infected Individuals: This refers to the protection of the identity and privacy of individuals living with HIV to prevent discrimination and stigma.
- HIV Transmission: HIV is primarily transmitted through contact with certain bodily fluids, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluids, rectal fluids, and breast milk, from a person living with HIV. Understanding transmission modes is vital for prevention efforts.
