The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) has introduced CEREBO, a portable and non-invasive device for diagnosing traumatic brain injuries (TBI). This innovation aims to reduce deaths and disabilities caused by head injuries, particularly in rural areas lacking advanced imaging facilities like CT or MRI. The device uses near-infrared spectroscopy combined with machine learning to provide quick and accurate diagnosis.
Background and Need for CEREBO
Traumatic brain injury is a major public health issue in India. The country records the highest number of head injuries globally, with over 100,000 deaths annually. Many victims die within two hours due to delayed or inadequate diagnosis. Traditional methods such as the Glasgow Coma Scale are subjective and prone to error. Imaging techniques require costly equipment, trained staff, and infrastructure not always available in emergency or rural settings.
Technology and Features
CEREBO operates using advanced near-infrared spectroscopy technology. It is handheld, radiation-free, and safe for all patients including infants and pregnant women. The device detects intracranial bleeding and brain swelling within a minute. It offers colour-coded results, making interpretation easier even for paramedics and unskilled users after only 30 minutes of training.
Development and Collaborations
The device was developed through a partnership between ICMR, the Medical Device and Diagnostics Mission Secretariat (MDMS), AIIMS Bhopal, NIMHANS Bengaluru, and Bioscan Research. It has passed clinical validation, regulatory approvals, and feasibility trials. Multi-centre studies under the ICMR-MDMS mPRiDE scheme confirmed its diagnostic accuracy and suitability for emergency care environments.
Applications and Impact
CEREBO is designed for use in ambulances, trauma centres, rural clinics, and disaster response units. It facilitates early detection of brain injuries, enabling timely treatment and better patient outcomes. The ICMR is encouraging state governments to adopt this indigenous, cost-effective technology. The device could also speed up CT scan decisions in tertiary hospitals, optimise patient triage, and reduce healthcare costs.
Significance for Healthcare
Early and precise diagnosis of TBI is critical to prevent secondary brain injury that worsens patient prognosis. CEREBO’s portability and ease of use make it a vital tool for emergency medicine, especially in resource-limited areas. Its implementation could transform trauma care in India and serve as a model for global emergency and military healthcare systems.
Questions for UPSC:
- Critically analyse the challenges in managing traumatic brain injury in rural India and the role of technology in addressing them.
- Explain the significance of near-infrared spectroscopy in medical diagnostics and its potential impact on public health systems.
- What are the key factors influencing the development and adoption of indigenous medical devices in India? Discuss with examples.
- With suitable examples, underline the importance of early diagnosis in emergency healthcare and its effect on patient outcomes and healthcare costs.
