The Indian Prime Minister’s visit to three European countries – Germany, Denmark, and France – is of significant importance especially in light of the ongoing Russia-Ukraine War. This trip emphasises the close ties India shares with these European nations. This article delves deeper into these relations, exploring their historical roots, present relevance, and potential future developments.
India-Germany Relations: A Strategic Partnership
Germany holds a significant position as one of India’s most essential partners in Europe. The establishment of diplomatic ties with the Federal Republic of Germany post World War II was amongst India’s initial international alliances. This relationship further solidified with the initiation of a ‘Strategic Partnership’ in May 2000 and later through the launch of Inter-Governmental Consultations (IGC) at the government heads level in 2011.
Presently, Germany’s strategic decisions in response to the Russia-Ukraine war, including reducing energy dependence on Russia and increasing defence spending, have important implications for India. Correspondingly, it becomes crucial for both nations to discuss strategic alternatives, considering India’s reliance on Russia for defence supplies.
Green Strategic Partners: India and Denmark
India and Denmark elevated their bilateral relations to a “Green Strategic Partnership” during a Virtual Summit held in September 2020. The first India-Nordic Summit took place in April 2018, creating avenues for exploring new areas of cooperation.
The Nordic countries are globally recognized for their advancements in innovation, clean energy, healthcare, human rights, and rule of law. Their strengths provide India with substantial opportunities for collaboration and growth. Concurrently, India offers these nations access to a vast market. The potential for shared growth is immense, with flagship schemes launched by India such as Make in India, Smart Cities Mission, and Start-up India, offering ample scope for Nordic participation.
Reinforcing India-France Relations
India and France share a long-standing close relationship, which grew into a Strategic Partnership in 1998. This alliance revolves around defense and security cooperation, space, and civil nuclear cooperation. France has consistently supported India’s claim for a permanent United Nations Security Council seat and has backed India’s requests to block attempts by Pakistan to enlist Indian citizens under the UNSC 1267 Sanctions Committee.
A common shared interest lies in the Indian Ocean, with France needing to protect its colonial territorial possessions like Reunion Island. Counter-terrorism, defense cooperation, such as the recent induction of French Rafale multi-role combat aircraft by the Indian Air Force, are some of the critical areas of collaboration.
India and Europe: Strengthening Ties
India has maintained a diplomatic liaison with the European Economic Community, now the European Union, since 1962. This relationship expanded in 1994 through a Cooperation Agreement that included ministerial meetings and political dialogue. Over years, these ties have diversified to address political and security issues, climate change, clean energy, space and nuclear concerns, health, food security, and cultural exchanges.
The PM’s Europe visit is expected to pave the way for the upcoming India-EU summit and aid in progressing Free Trade Agreement negotiations, demonstrating once again the substantial value India places on its relationships with European countries.