Indian Railways Multitracking Projects for Enhanced Capacity

The Government of India approved four multitracking projects aimed at improving the capacity and efficiency of Indian Railways. These initiatives will facilitate seamless transportation of passengers and goods while promoting sustainable practices. The total investment for these projects is approximately Rs. 18,658 crore, with completion expected by 2030-31. The projects span 15 districts across Maharashtra, Odisha, and Chhattisgarh, increasing the railway network by about 1247 kilometres.

Project Overview

The approved projects include:

1. Sambalpur – Jarapda 3rd and 4th Line
2. Jharsuguda – Sason 3rd and 4th Line
3. Kharsia – Naya Raipur – Parmalkasa 5th and 6th Line
4. Gondia – Balharshah doubling

These upgrades aim to alleviate congestion and enhance operational efficiency on busy railway routes.

Economic Impact

The multitracking projects are expected to boost the economy by streamlining supply chains. They will facilitate the transportation of vital commodities such as coal, iron ore, and agricultural products. The expected increase in freight traffic is estimated at 88.77 million tonnes per annum. This growth will support local industries and create job opportunities.

Environmental Benefits

The projects align with India’s climate goals by promoting rail transport, which is more environmentally friendly than road transport. The initiatives are projected to reduce oil imports by 95 crore litres and lower CO2 emissions by 477 crore kg. This reduction is equivalent to planting 19 crore trees.

Infrastructure Development

The construction will generate approximately 379 lakh human-days of direct employment. The projects will also establish 19 new railway stations, improving connectivity to approximately 3350 villages and benefiting around 47.25 lakh people. Areas like Baloda Bazar will gain direct access, encouraging industrial development.

Alignment with National Initiatives

These projects are part of the PM-Gati Shakti National Master Plan, which aims for multi-modal connectivity. Integrated planning ensures that these projects contribute to comprehensive regional development. The vision of a “New India” emphasises self-reliance and economic growth through improved infrastructure.

Community Benefits

The enhanced railway connectivity will support the development of aspirational districts like Gadchiroli and Rajnandgaon. Improved transport links will encourage economic activities and enhance the quality of life for residents.

Future Prospects

As these projects progress, they will transform the landscape of Indian Railways. Enhanced line capacity will not only improve service reliability but will also position Indian Railways as a key player in the nation’s economic and environmental strategies.

Questions for UPSC:

1. Critically analyse the economic implications of enhancing railway infrastructure in India.
2. Explain the role of Indian Railways in achieving national climate goals and reducing carbon emissions.
3. What are the expected social impacts of the multitracking projects on local communities? Discuss.
4. Comment on the significance of the PM-Gati Shakti National Master Plan in the context of India’s infrastructural development.

Answer Hints:

1. Critically analyse the economic implications of enhancing railway infrastructure in India.

1. Improved railway infrastructure reduces logistic costs, facilitating cheaper transportation of goods.
2. Increased freight capacity (88.77 MTPA) supports local industries and stimulates economic growth.
3. Enhanced connectivity promotes regional development, attracting investments and creating jobs.
4. Streamlined supply chains improve efficiency, benefiting agriculture and mining sectors.
5. Direct employment generation during construction (379 lakh human-days) boosts local economies.

2. Explain the role of Indian Railways in achieving national climate goals and reducing carbon emissions.

1. Rail transport is more energy-efficient and emits less CO2 compared to road transport.
2. Projects aim to reduce oil imports by 95 crore litres, decreasing dependency on fossil fuels.
3. Lower CO2 emissions (477 crore kg) contribute to India’s climate change commitments.
4. Railways facilitate the movement of eco-friendly goods, promoting sustainable practices.
5. Enhanced railway capacity supports a shift towards greener transportation solutions.

3. What are the expected social impacts of the multitracking projects on local communities? Discuss.

1. Improved connectivity enhances access to essential services and markets for approximately 47.25 lakh people.
2. New railway stations will facilitate travel and promote local tourism and business opportunities.
3. Job creation during construction and operational phases improves local employment rates.
4. Infrastructure development in aspirational districts encourages economic upliftment and self-reliance.
5. Increased mobility supports community development and enhances quality of life.

4. Comment on the significance of the PM-Gati Shakti National Master Plan in the context of India’s infrastructural development.

1. The PM-Gati Shakti plan promotes integrated planning for multi-modal connectivity across sectors.
2. It aims to enhance infrastructure efficiency, reducing congestion and travel times.
3. Supports comprehensive regional development, aligning with the vision of a “New India.”
4. Facilitates seamless movement of people and goods, boosting economic growth.
5. Encourages sustainable practices in infrastructure development, aligning with climate goals.