Recently, researchers at the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru (IISc) have discovered a potential solution for the burgeoning problem of plastic waste. Their novel method involves creating an eco-friendly alternative for single-use plastic (SUP). This inventive approach may not only alleviate the severity of waste accumulation but also deliver various supplementary benefits.
Outline of the Research
The research focused on harnessing non-edible castor oil in the creation of polymers. The process involved reactions between the oil, cellulose derived from agricultural stubble and a di-isocyanate compound. The resulting polymers can be shaped into sheets with properties well-suited to producing items such as bags, cutlery or containers. Notably, the material generated is biodegradable, leak-proof, and non-toxic.
Potential Benefits of the Research
Addressing Single-use Plastic Issues
The escalating reliance on single-use plastics and the difficulties of landfill management make this research timely and valuable. Alternatives like these could revolutionize the packaging industry which is the primary consumer of SUPs.
Confronting the Agricultural Stubble Dilemma
Agricultural stubble burning is a significant contributor to air pollution, especially in northern Indian states. By using this agricultural byproduct as a raw material for plastic substitutes, not only is air quality potentially improved but additional income streams are created for farmers.
Applications in Healthcare Facilities
The non-toxic and biodegradable nature of the produced material makes it a promising candidate for healthcare applications.
Exploring Other Alternatives to Single-use Plastics
Currently available alternatives include stainless steel, glass, platinum silicone, bamboo, pottery, ceramics, and bioplastics which are derived from natural resources like vegetable oils and starches.
The Urgency of Tackling Plastic Pollution
The severity of plastic pollution is exemplified by the 3.3 million metric tonnes of plastic waste generated by Indians in 2018-2019 according to the Central Pollution Control Board of India. Alarmingly, an estimated 79% of global plastic waste ends up in the environment.
Efforts to Curb Plastic Waste
Initiatives include the proposed banning of single-use plastics from 1st July 2022, the Swachh Bharat Mission, India Plastics Pact, Project REPLAN, Un-Plastic Collective, GoLitter Partnerships Project and more.
The Way Forward
A shift towards a circular economy is pivotal for reducing plastic pollution. This envisages a continuous cycle of reuse, sharing, repair, and recycling which minimizes resource use and wastage. Simultaneously, changes in citizen behavior towards responsible disposal and segregation will also play a crucial role. The implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is another strategy worthy of consideration, as it passes the onus of post-consumer product treatment or disposal onto producers.
