The All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) is an annual web-based evaluation conducted by the Ministry of Education since 2010-11. The survey, which was recently released for the year 2020-2021, records crucial data such as student enrolment, educational programs, examination results, educational finance, and infrastructure. Notably, it showed a 7.5% increase in student enrolments across India when compared to its predecessor, 2019-20 survey.
What is Institution Density?
Institution Density is one of the significant parameters measured by AISHE. It represents the number of educational institutions per lakh population. Higher the Institution Density, more accessible are the educational facilities for the citizens.
Gross Enrolment Ratio
The Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) observed in the AISHE is another crucial metric indicating the total enrolment in higher education, regardless of age. As per the recent data, the GER increased by over two points to 27.3, marking a positive trend in higher education enrolments.
Pupil-Teacher Ratio and Gender Parity Index
The Pupil-teacher ratio and Gender Parity Index are other key findings from AISHE. However, the ratio of students to teachers remains at a concerning 29:1, emphasizing the need for more teaching faculty. On the other hand, the Gender Parity Index shows progress with a rise from 1 in 2017-18 to 1.05 in 2020-21, indicating a narrowing gap between male and female GER.
Gross Enrolment of Persons with Disabilities
Regrettably, there was a decline in the number of students in the Persons with Disabilities category, which dropped to 79,035 in 2020-21 from 92,831 in 2019-20. This decrease suggests a need for more inclusive educational policies and infrastructure.
The Impact of National Education Policy (NEP)
The National Education Policy (NEP), if properly implemented, holds the potential to revolutionize education in India. The NEP proposes a transition from the existing 10+2 system to a more holistic 5+3+3+4 system, including preschoolers into the formal education setup.
Current Challenges in India’s Higher Education System
Despite the positive trends, multiple challenges persist in India’s higher education system. Faculty shortage, inadequate infrastructure, regulatory issues, and the ‘brain drain’ phenomena are among the major concerns.
Solution Proposals
To combat these issues, potential solutions include integrating vocational learning with mainstream education, providing proper mentorship, especially in government schools, and fostering an environment that encourages students to study in India instead of going abroad.
A Look into the Past and Toward the Future
Reflecting on the ancient evaluation methods where students were assessed based on the practical application of knowledge could provide valuable insights. Infusing this understanding into the modern education system could pave the way for a more comprehensive approach to assessments.
While significant strides have been made in enhancing India’s higher education sector as per the AISHE, there is still room for substantial improvements. By addressing current issues and implementing proactive solutions, India can aspire to provide quality education for all its citizens.