India marked milestone in defence technology in July 2025. The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) and Indian Air Force (IAF) successfully tested the Astra beyond visual range air-to-air missile (BVRAAM) equipped with an indigenous radio frequency (RF) seeker. The missile was launched from the Su-30 Mk-I fighter jet off Odisha’s coast. This success marks India’s growing self-reliance in critical defence systems.
Successful Flight-Test of Astra BVRAAM
Two Astra missiles were launched against high-speed unmanned aerial targets under varied conditions. Both missiles destroyed their targets with pinpoint accuracy. Flight data confirmed all subsystems performed flawlessly including the indigenously developed RF seeker. The missile’s range exceeds 100 kilometres and it features advanced guidance and navigation systems. The Integrated Test Range, Chandipur, validated the weapon system’s performance through precise tracking instruments.
Indigenous Radio Frequency Seeker
The RF seeker is important component that guides the missile to its target. Developed by DRDO, it reduces dependence on foreign technology. The indigenous seeker ensures India controls the core technology, securing supply chains from external disruptions. This achievement is a major step in India’s push for homegrown defence capabilities.
Collaboration with Industry
Over 50 public and private sector companies contributed to Astra’s development. Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) played a key role in realising the missile system. This wide industrial participation strengthens India’s defence manufacturing ecosystem and aligns with the Make in India initiative.
Strategic Importance for Indian Air Force
Astra’s long range allows pilots to engage threats beyond enemy reach. Its advanced seeker and guidance system enhance combat effectiveness. The missile is expected to equip more squadrons and may be integrated with other fighter jets like Tejas Mk-2 and Rafale. This boosts India’s aerial combat capabilities .
Advancement in Mobile Artillery Systems
Alongside Astra, DRDO revealed a 155mm/52 calibre Mounted Gun System (MGS). This quick-deploy artillery can fire and move within two minutes. Unlike traditional towed guns, MGS offers greater mobility and faster response in rugged terrain. Fully designed and built in India, it fills a critical gap in battlefield artillery and has export potential.
Shift Towards Self-Reliance in Defence
These developments reflect India’s strategic goal to reduce import dependence. Indigenous weapon systems provide operational autonomy and cost advantages. The success of Astra and MGS signals a broader transformation in India’s defence technology landscape. It strengthens frontline capabilities and supports national security objectives.
Questions for UPSC:
- Point out the significance of indigenous defence technology development for India’s national security and economy.
- Critically analyse the role of public-private partnerships in advancing India’s defence manufacturing capabilities with suitable examples.
- Underline the challenges faced by India in achieving self-reliance in defence production and estimate the measures needed to overcome them.
- What is the strategic importance of beyond visual range air-to-air missiles in modern aerial warfare? How do they influence the balance of power in the Indo-Pacific region?
