Jallikattu, an ancient bull-taming event taking prominence during the Pongal celebrations in Tamil Nadu, has made headline news recently due to its resurfacing in various regions of the state. Partakers in this traditional sport aim to seize bundles of money or gold fastened to the bull’s horns, a feat lending its origin to the term ‘jallikattu’, combining the Tamil words ‘jalli’ (gold or silver coins) and ‘kattu’ (tied). With a history dating back around 2500 years, references to the sport are even found in Sangam literature, marking its deep cultural significance.
However, the sport comes under heavy controversy due to numerous reports of severe injuries and fatalities involving both bulls and humans. The Supreme Court banned Jallikattu along with similar events such as bullock-cart races, Rekla races, Kambala, Dhirio, and buffalo fights back in 2014. This ruling was in response to petitions submitted by the Animal Welfare Board of India (AWBI) and People for Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), citing extreme cruelty towards animals.
Arguments Supporting Jallikattu
Despite the ban, supporters of Jallikattu offer their arguments in favor of the sport. A crucial element is the cultural connotation attached to it, as Tamilians view this tradition as a symbol of their pride. They argue that the sport isn’t conducted today in its original form which truly respects and worships the bull as the vehicle of Lord Shiva.
Organizers of similar events like bullock-cart races assure that they take all necessary precautions to avoid causing any harm to the animals. Another defense for Jallikattu is the preservation of native bulls. Supporters claim that only indigenous bulls participate in Jallikattu, stating that prohibiting the sport would lead to these species’ extinction.
| Native Bull Species | Number in 1990 | Number Today |
|---|---|---|
| Kangayam Bulls | 1,000,000+ | 15,000 |
Arguments Opposing Jallikattu
Despite the cultural and conservation arguments, strong opposition to Jallikattu exists due to violations against the constitution and law. The practice is seen as contradicting the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960. Article 51A of the Indian Constitution states that it’s the duty of citizens to safeguard wildlife, forests, and exhibit compassion for living creatures, a mandate seemingly flouted by Jallikattu.
Animal rights activists voice concerns about the sport being inherently brutal as the bull endures significant physical and mental torture. They challenge the sport by highlighting the unnecessary risk posed on the life of the animal and the fighter. Numerous reports and studies by the animal welfare body underline that these bulls are subjected to extreme distress solely for human amusement.
