Kalaignar Kaivinai Thittam

Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.K. Stalin launched the Kalaignar Kaivinai Thittam. This artisan development scheme serves as an alternative to the Centre’s PM Vishwakarma Scheme. The initiative aims to promote inclusivity and social justice, rejecting caste-based vocational practices. The launch took place in Kundrathur, where Stalin emphasised the importance of education over traditional family trades.

Background of the Scheme

The PM Vishwakarma Scheme was introduced by the BJP government in 2023. It focuses on 18 trades, offering loans up to ₹3 lakh. However, the scheme has been criticised for reinforcing caste-based vocations. Stalin argued that it limits opportunities for youth, pushing them towards ancestral trades instead of encouraging higher education.

Key Features of Kalaignar Kaivinai Thittam

The Kalaignar Kaivinai Thittam covers 25 trades. Unlike the PM Vishwakarma Scheme, it allows individuals to choose their trades freely. The minimum age for applicants is set at 35 years, promoting a more mature workforce. Loans range from ₹50,000 to ₹3 lakh, which include subsidies, unlike the central scheme.

Financial Impact

At the launch, Chief Minister Stalin approved loans amounting to ₹170 crore, including a subsidy of ₹34 crore. A total of 24,907 applications have been received for the scheme, indicating strong interest among artisans. This financial support aims to uplift the micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) sector in Tamil Nadu.

Additional Announcements

During the launch, Stalin made five announcements. The subsidy for applying for Geographical Indications (GI) tags was increased to ₹1 lakh. A new metrology and metallurgy laboratory will be established for the automotive industry. Infrastructure improvements in Kancheepuram district will also be undertaken. Furthermore, a training centre for technological skill development will be set up at Kakkalur Industrial Estate.

Inauguration of Clusters

Stalin inaugurated three new clusters under the Micro Cluster Development Programme. These include a Coir Cluster in Thanjavur, a Jewellery Federation Cluster in Ramanathapuram, and an Embroidery Stitching Cluster in Thenkasi. Each cluster aims to enhance local production and create employment opportunities.

Recognition of MSMEs

The Chief Minister presented awards to the best-performing MSMEs for the year 2023-24. This recognition aims to motivate small enterprises and promote innovation within the sector.

Questions for UPSC:

1. Critically analyse the impact of caste-based vocational schemes on social mobility in India.
2. What are the key differences between the PM Vishwakarma Scheme and the Kalaignar Kaivinai Thittam? Explain.
3. Comment on the significance of financial assistance for MSMEs in promoting local economies.
4. What is the role of geographical indications in protecting traditional crafts? Discuss with suitable examples.

Answer Hints:

1. Critically analyse the impact of caste-based vocational schemes on social mobility in India.

1. Caste-based vocational schemes often restrict individuals to traditional family trades, limiting upward mobility.
2. Such schemes reinforce social hierarchies and perpetuate caste discrimination in employment opportunities.
3. They discourage education and skill diversification, leading to a workforce that lacks adaptability.
4. Social mobility requires access to varied professions and education, which caste-based schemes undermine.
5. Alternatives that promote inclusivity and education can enhance social mobility and break caste barriers.

2. What are the key differences between the PM Vishwakarma Scheme and the Kalaignar Kaivinai Thittam? Explain.

1. The PM Vishwakarma Scheme is limited to 18 trades and emphasizes family-based professions.
2. Kalaignar Kaivinai Thittam covers 25 trades and allows individuals to choose their preferred trade.
3. The minimum age for the PM Vishwakarma Scheme is 18 years, while Kalaignar Kaivinai Thittam sets it at 35 years.
4. Kalaignar Kaivinai Thittam offers loans with subsidies, unlike the PM Vishwakarma Scheme which does not provide subsidies.
5. The former promotes caste inclusivity, while the latter has been criticized for reinforcing caste-based vocations.

3. Comment on the significance of financial assistance for MSMEs in promoting local economies.

1. Financial assistance enables MSMEs to access capital for growth, innovation, and sustainability.
2. It helps create jobs, which in turn stimulates local economies and reduces unemployment rates.
3. Support for MSMEs encourages entrepreneurship, leading to diverse economic activities and resilience.
4. Financial aid can enhance competitiveness, allowing local businesses to thrive against larger corporations.
5. Investment in MSMEs often leads to community development and improved standards of living.

4. What is the role of geographical indications in protecting traditional crafts? Discuss with suitable examples.

1. Geographical indications (GIs) protect products that have a specific geographical origin, ensuring quality and uniqueness.
2. They help preserve traditional crafts by providing legal recognition and preventing misuse of names.
3. Examples include Darjeeling tea and Kanchipuram silk sarees, which are protected under GIs.
4. GIs enhance marketability, allowing artisans to command better prices and sustain their livelihoods.
5. They promote cultural heritage and encourage the continuation of traditional crafting methods.