A recent Cancer Cell study revealed the presence of senescent macrophages in the lungs that not only persisted but also actively promoted tumor growth. Macrophages are crucial white blood cells that play a vital role in the immune system by detecting and eliminating harmful organisms. Cellular senescence, a state of cell cycle arrest typically triggered by DNA damage, has been implicated in age-related diseases. Interestingly, senescent cells can accumulate during aging but also serve as an anti-tumor mechanism by halting the proliferation of potentially cancerous cells. This study sheds light on the complex interplay between macrophages, senescence, and cancer development.
Facts/Terms for UPSC Prelims
- Macrophages: White blood cells that play a pivotal role in the immune system, involved in detecting, phagocytizing, and destroying harmful microorganisms. They produce cytokines and patrol various tissues to protect against infections.
- Cellular Senescence: A state of stable cell cycle arrest triggered by factors like DNA damage, associated with phenotypic and metabolic changes. Senescent cells can accumulate with age and contribute to age-related diseases.
- Cytokines: Signaling molecules produced by macrophages and other immune cells, involved in inflammation, tissue repair, and the adaptive immune response.
- Microglia: Macrophages found in the brain, playing a crucial role in immune surveillance and maintaining brain health.
- Kupffer Cells: Macrophages located in the liver sinusoids, responsible for clearing debris, pathogens, and aged red blood cells from the bloodstream.
