Recent archaeological excavations at the megalithic dolmen site in Mudu Konaje, near Moodbidri, Dakshina Kannada, have uncovered unique terracotta figurines dating back to 800-700 BC. The site, comprising nine dolmens on a stone hill slope, yielded eight figurines, including cow bovines, a mother goddess, peacocks, a horse, and an unidentified object. These figurines shed light on the chronology of the dolmens and provide insight into the Bhoota cult or Daiva Aradhane in coastal Karnataka. The cow bovines are particularly significant, with parallels in megalithic terracotta figurines found in Kerala and Egypt.
Facts/Terms for UPSC Prelims
- Megalithic Dolmen Site: Megalithic culture in India is known for its diverse burial practices and use of iron. Dolmens are a type of megalithic structure characterized by huge stone slabs forming a square room with a capstone. They often feature a round or U-shaped entrance on the Eastern slab.
- Bhoota Cult: The Bhoota cult is a religious tradition observed in coastal Karnataka, involving the worship of deities and spirits known as Bhootas. These spirits are believed to protect and influence various aspects of daily life.
- Terracotta Figurines: Terracotta refers to clay-based ceramics that are typically molded and fired at a low temperature. Terracotta figurines like those found in Mudu Konaje are significant archaeological artifacts providing insights into ancient cultures.
- Orthostats: Orthostats are large, upright stones used in the construction of megalithic structures like dolmens. They create the walls of the square chamber and support the capstone.
- Daiva Aradhane: Daiva Aradhane is a form of ritual worship and homage offered to deities and spirits, a practice closely associated with the Bhoota cult in coastal Karnataka. It involves various ceremonies and offerings to appease these divine entities.
