National Mission on Natural Farming Launched

The Union Cabinet has approved the National Mission on Natural Farming (NMNF). This initiative aims to promote sustainable agricultural practices across India. The government has allocated ₹2,481 crore for this scheme. This funding will be shared between the Centre and the states. The Centre will contribute ₹1,584 crore while the states will provide ₹897 crore until 2025-26.

Objectives of the NMNF

The NMNF focuses on chemical-free farming. It aims to revive traditional farming methods that are environmentally friendly. This mission will help farmers adopt local livestock-integrated and diversified cropping systems. The goal is to ensure sustainable agriculture that is resilient to climate change.

Implementation Strategy

The mission will be implemented in a phased manner. It will involve collaboration between the Centre and state governments. The strategy includes training farmers in natural farming techniques. Emphasis will be placed on using local agro-ecological principles and area-specific technologies.

Benefits of Natural Farming

Natural farming offers multiple advantages. It reduces the cost of inputs for farmers. By minimising reliance on chemical fertilizers, it promotes healthier soil ecosystems. Additionally, natural farming enhances biodiversity and encourages diverse cropping systems. This approach aims to improve food security for farming families and consumers.

Significance for Farmers

The NMNF is important for the welfare of farmers. It aims to empower them with knowledge and resources. The mission supports farmers in transitioning to sustainable practices. This transition is crucial for ensuring long-term agricultural productivity and environmental health.

Future Prospects

The future of agriculture in India may hinge on the success of the NMNF. By encouraging sustainable practices, the mission can potentially transform the agricultural landscape. It encourages a shift towards eco-friendly farming that benefits both farmers and the environment.

Challenges Ahead

Despite its objectives, the NMNF may face challenges. Farmers may be resistant to changing their traditional practices. Additionally, adequate training and resources will be necessary for successful implementation. Overcoming these challenges will be vital for the mission’s success.

Conclusion

The National Mission on Natural Farming represents step towards sustainable agriculture in India. By promoting natural farming practices, it aims to improve the livelihoods of farmers while protecting the environment.

Questions for UPSC:

1. Critically analyse the impact of chemical fertilizers on soil health and biodiversity in agriculture.
2. What are the principles of sustainable agriculture? Explain their relevance in the context of the National Mission on Natural Farming.
3. With suitable examples, comment on the role of traditional farming practices in modern agriculture.
4. What is agroecology? How can it contribute to climate-resilient agricultural systems?

Answer Hints:

1. Critically analyse the impact of chemical fertilizers on soil health and biodiversity in agriculture.

1. Chemical fertilizers can lead to soil degradation by disrupting natural nutrient cycles.
2. Excessive use can result in nutrient runoff, causing water pollution and harming aquatic ecosystems.
3. They can reduce soil biodiversity by killing beneficial microorganisms essential for soil health.
4. Over-reliance on chemical inputs can create a dependency, reducing farmers’ resilience to crop failures.
5. Long-term use can lead to soil acidification and decreased fertility, affecting crop yields.

2. What are the principles of sustainable agriculture? Explain their relevance in the context of the National Mission on Natural Farming.

1. Principles include maintaining soil health, promoting biodiversity, and using resources efficiently.
2. Sustainable agriculture emphasizes minimizing chemical inputs, aligning with NMNF’s goal of chemical-free farming.
3. It advocates for crop rotation and diversification, enhancing resilience against pests and diseases.
4. Local knowledge and practices are valued, which NMNF aims to integrate into modern farming.
5. Overall, these principles support environmental balance and farmer welfare, central to NMNF’s objectives.

3. With suitable examples, comment on the role of traditional farming practices in modern agriculture.

1. Traditional practices like crop rotation enhance soil fertility and reduce pest outbreaks.
2. Agroforestry integrates trees with crops, improving biodiversity and providing additional income sources.
3. Indigenous seed varieties are often more resilient to local climate conditions, ensuring food security.
4. Practices like organic composting enrich soil health, reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers.
5. Examples include the use of traditional irrigation methods, which conserve water and maintain ecosystem balance.

4. What is agroecology? How can it contribute to climate-resilient agricultural systems?

1. Agroecology is the integration of ecological principles into agricultural practices to enhance sustainability.
2. It promotes biodiversity, which can improve ecosystem resilience against climate-related stresses.
3. Agroecological practices, such as intercropping, can enhance soil health and water retention.
4. By reducing reliance on external inputs, agroecology helps farmers adapt to changing climatic conditions.
5. It encourages local knowledge and practices, encouraging community resilience and food sovereignty.