The National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH), a branch of the Indian Council of Medical Research, has identified Glutamate dehydrogenase as a potential new biomarker in the malaria parasite. This discovery could lead to the development of a more accurate diagnostic test for malaria detection.
Understanding Biomarkers
Biomarkers are cellular or molecular events that connect specific environmental exposure to a health outcome. They play a fundamental role in establishing the links between exposure to environmental chemicals, development of chronic human diseases, and identifying groups that are at an increased risk for disease.
Current Methods for Malaria Diagnosis
Malaria is currently diagnosed through tests based on a gene known as Histidine-rich Protein 2 (HRP2), which is filled with Histidine amino acid. However, research indicates that this gene is frequently absent in certain strains of the malaria parasite. As a result, significant levels of malaria infection are often undetected, necessitating a more effective diagnosis method.
The Hunt for Newer, More Effective Biomarkers
Scientists worldwide are energetically searching for new biomarkers to enhance the detection of the malaria parasite. The most recent study from NIRTH offers solid scientific evidence supporting the use of Glutamate dehydrogenase sequences, found in Indian isolates, as promising candidates for malaria diagnosis.
ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health (NIRTH)
NIRTH, stationed in Jabalpur, is a permanent establishment of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) within the Department of Health Research, Ministry of Health of Family Welfare. Since its foundation on March 1, 1984, NIRTH has been tasked with improving health and fostering awareness among tribal populations through both applied and operational research.
Table of Significant Research Projects by NIRTH
| Research Project | Description |
|---|---|
| Malaria | Detailed studies on the disease and development of potential diagnostic methods |
| Filaria | Research on the disease, its causes, and prevention techniques |
| Tuberculosis | Extensive research on understanding the disease and finding potential cures |
| Diarrhea | Studies on the causes and potential preventive methods |
| Virology | Research in the field of viruses and related diseases |
| Fluorosis | Research on the excessive intake of fluorine and its effects |
| Social Sciences | Studies on social factors affecting health conditions |
Recognition by World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO) acknowledges NIRTH as a collaborative Centre dedicated to the health of indigenous populations. With this recognition, the institute continues to make strides in important research projects on various health conditions.
