The recent discovery of a new mammal species in India has created ripples in the scientific community. Scientists from the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI) have found a previously unknown species known as the White Cheeked Macaque (Macaca leucogenys) in the country. Previously discovered in China in 2015, this creature’s existence was not known in India until now.
Discovery in Arunachal Pradesh
The hitherto unknown species of the White Cheeked Macaque was discovered by Indian scientists in the remote Anjaw district in central Arunachal Pradesh. The sighting of this unique mammal takes India’s count of mammal species from 437 to 438, marking a significant milestone in the country’s biodiversity research.
Unique Characteristics of White Cheeked Macaque
The White Cheeked Macaque stands out from others due to its distinct features. It is particularly notable for its white cheeks, long and thick hair on the neck, and a longer tail compared to other Macaque species. Being the latest mammal to be found in Southeast Asia, the White Cheeked Macaque adds to the rich fauna of the region.
Proliferation of Macaques in the Himalayan Hotspot
The eastern Himalayas are home to both the Arunachal macaque and the newly discovered White Cheeked Macaque, making it a biodiversity hotspot for various species of macaques. Among others, the Assamese Macaque (Macaca assamensis) and Rhesus Macaque (Macaca mulatta) have also been reported from the same landscape.
Threats to Macaque Species
Despite their proliferation, all species of macaques in the region face several threats. Hunting by locals for meat and habitat destruction due to urbanisation and infrastructure development pose major challenges to their survival. The situation is exacerbated as the White Cheeked Macaque is currently not protected under the Wildlife Protection Act of India, owing to the recent confirmation of its existence within the country.
Future Conservation Measures
The discovery of the White Cheeked Macaque in India underscores the need for more comprehensive conservation measures. A key step would be to update the Wildlife Protection Act to include this recently discovered species, thus providing it with necessary legal protection against hunting and habitat degradation. These proactive steps can pave the way for the effective conservation of the country’s rich biodiversity, particularly in mammal species.