Micro Snail Species Georissa mawsmaiensis Discovered in Meghalaya’s Mawsmai Cave: Key Facts, Habitat, Distribution, and Threats
A novel micro snail species named Georissa mawsmaiensis has recently been discovered in the Mawsmai Cave located in Meghalaya. The discovery of this unique creature adds a new page to the already diverse biological wealth of India.
Key Attributes of Georissa mawsmaiensis
Contrasting from Georissa sarrita, a member of the same genus identified back in 1851, Georissa mawsmaiensis introduces distinct shell morphology. This uniqueness ranges from variations in shell size to the presence of four very prominent spiral striations, or in simple terms, minute grooves or scratches, on the body whorls of the shell. For a comparison, there are seven such spiral striations in Georissa sarrita when observed from the suture to aperture in an apertural view.
Habitat of the New Micro Snail Species
The newly discovered Georissa is typically found dwelling in soil-based or subterranean habitats located in tropical forests with low altitudes or high altitude evergreen forests. They can also be spotted inhabiting rock surfaces that are rich in calcium elements.
Geographical Distribution of Georissa Genus
A widespread range of distribution is observed for the members of the Georissa genus. They have been reported from diverse continents including Africa and Asia, extending to the Pacific region. Despite this wide presence, their existence is predominantly confined to microhabitats comprising limestone caves or karst landscapes, which are naturally formed due to the dissolution of limestone.
Threats to the Micro Snail Species
The increasing influx of tourists may pose a significant threat to this unique micro snail species and other faunas that inhabit the cave. As more people visit these natural habitats, the delicate ecological balance could be disrupted, endangering the survival of these species.
About Mawsmai Cave
The Mawsmai Cave, where Georissa mawsmaiensis was discovered, is nestled in the petite village of Mawsmai, approximately four kilometres from Cherrapunjee (also known as Sohra) in the East Khasi Hills district of Meghalaya. The locals refer to the cave as ‘Krem’, while ‘Mawsmai’ translates to ‘Oath Stone’ in the Khasi language.
This cave sits at an altitude of 1,195 metres above sea level and experiences indirect influence from the streams of the Kynshi River originating from the East Khasi Hills. The cave is renowned for its fossil-rich walls and formations that are visible upon careful observation.
The discovery of the new micro snail species, Georissa mawsmaiensis, highlights the continuous exploration and identification of new species, enriching our existing knowledge of biodiversity.
