ICAR-CTCRI Develops New Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Variety

A new orange-fleshed sweet potato variety, SP-95/4, developed by the ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute (ICAR-CTCRI), is poised to boost food security among tribal communities in Kerala and beyond. This biofortified tuber has passed final trials across several state of Indias, including Odisha, West Bengal, Karnataka, and Kerala.

Development and Trials

The ICAR-CTCRI has conducted extensive trials on SP-95/4. The trials were successful in various regions, particularly in the Attappady tribal area of Kerala. The sweet potato has shown promising results with increase in yield. The trials were part of the Rainbow Diet Programme, aimed at improving nutrition through biofortified crops.

Nutritional Benefits

The orange colour of SP-95/4 is attributed to its high beta-carotene content, approximately 8 mg per 100 grams. This is crucial in regions where vitamin A deficiency is prevalent. The average weight of individual tubers is around 300 grams, and their fusiform shape makes them suitable for processing. This variety can address malnutrition in tribal communities.

Integration with Local Initiatives

The implementation of SP-95/4 is integrated with local initiatives such as the ‘Punarjeevanam’ programme, which is a collaboration between Kudumbashree and ICAR-CTCRI. This partnership aims to expand sweet potato cultivation in Attappady to 100 acres by the end of 2025. The initiative focuses on promoting dietary diversity among tribal populations.

Rainbow Diet Programme

Launched in 2023, the Rainbow Diet Programme promotes the cultivation of biofortified tubers. It aims to combat malnutrition by providing diverse dietary options. In 2024, the programme was expanded under the ‘Punarjeevanam’ initiative. The sweet potato is recognised as a vital component in health-focused dietary strategies.

Future Prospects

The successful trials of SP-95/4 indicate a positive outlook for its official release. The ICAR-CTCRI and Kudumbashree Mission are committed to enhancing the cultivation and consumption of this nutritious tuber. The focus is on addressing nutritional insecurity and improving public health outcomes in tribal communities.

Impact on Agriculture

The introduction of SP-95/4 can transform agricultural practices in tribal regions. By offering a high-yielding and nutritious crop, it encourages farmers to adopt sustainable agricultural methods. This can lead to improved livelihoods and food security for vulnerable populations.

Questions for UPSC:

1. Examine the role of biofortified crops in improving nutritional security in India.
2. Discuss the significance of the Rainbow Diet Programme in combating malnutrition among tribal communities.
3. What are the challenges faced in the adoption of biofortified crops in rural India? How can they be addressed?
4. Critically discuss the impact of agricultural innovations on food security and public health in developing countries.

Answer Hints:

1. Examine the role of biofortified crops in improving nutritional security in India.

1. Biofortified crops, like the orange-fleshed sweet potato, are enriched with essential vitamins and minerals to combat deficiencies.
2. They provide a sustainable solution to malnutrition, especially in regions with limited access to diverse foods.
3. These crops can be integrated into local diets, enhancing food variety and nutritional intake.
4. Government and NGO initiatives are promoting biofortification as part of national nutrition strategies.
5. Research shows that biofortified crops can reduce rates of micronutrient deficiencies in targeted populations.

2. Discuss the significance of the Rainbow Diet Programme in combating malnutrition among tribal communities.

1. The Rainbow Diet Programme promotes the cultivation of diverse, biofortified tubers to improve dietary quality.
2. It targets tribal communities, where malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies are prevalent.
3. The program encourages local farming practices, enhancing food sovereignty and self-sufficiency.
4. By integrating traditional foods with modern nutritional science, it encourages community engagement and education.
5. Successful implementation can lead to improved health outcomes and economic benefits for tribal populations.

3. What are the challenges faced in the adoption of biofortified crops in rural India? How can they be addressed?

1. Lack of awareness and knowledge about biofortified crops among farmers and consumers can hinder adoption.
2. Access to quality seeds and agricultural inputs may be limited in rural areas, affecting cultivation.
3. Market demand and pricing for biofortified crops need to be established to ensure farmer profitability.
4. Training and support from agricultural extension services are essential for successful implementation.
5. Community involvement and education campaigns can help overcome resistance and promote acceptance.

4. Critically discuss the impact of agricultural innovations on food security and public health in developing countries.

1. Agricultural innovations can increase crop yields, improving food availability and reducing hunger.
2. Technological advancements often lead to enhanced nutritional quality of food, addressing malnutrition.
3. Innovations can promote sustainable practices, reducing environmental impacts and ensuring long-term food security.
4. However, inequitable access to technology can exacerbate existing disparities among farmers and communities.
5. Effective policies and support systems are crucial to maximize the benefits of agricultural innovations for public health.