The recent detection of Norovirus in Kerala has sparked concerns due to its highly contagious nature. This virus is known for causing a range of gastrointestinal illnesses and impacting individuals of all age groups, particularly posing serious risks for children, the elderly, and those with comorbidities.
About The Norovirus
Norovirus belongs to a group of viruses that primarily cause gastrointestinal illness. This occurs as the virus induces inflammation of the stomach and intestinal lining, leading to severe symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea.
One of the key features of Norovirus that intensifies its threat level is its resistance to many disinfectants. It can withstand temperatures up to 60°C, meaning that usual protective measures like steaming food or chlorinating water are ineffective against it. Moreover, many common hand sanitizers fail to eliminate this resilient virus.
Transmission of Norovirus
The transmission of Norovirus varies and can occur multiple times throughout an individual’s lifetime. Crucially, immunity to one type of Norovirus does not shield against other varieties. The virus primarily spreads through the oral-fecal route, contaminating surfaces or food and then being ingested by a healthy individual.
Outbreaks of the disease frequently transpire in enclosed spaces where the virus can easily spread from person to person. These include environments like cruise ships, nursing homes, dormitories, and similar settings.
The Vulnerable Group
While people of all ages can contract Norovirus, certain groups are more susceptible to serious symptoms. These vulnerable demographics include children, the elderly, and individuals dealing with comorbidities.
Symptoms of Norovirus
The primary symptoms of Norovirus are diarrhea and vomiting. Other signs of the illness include stomach aches and various gastrointestinal problems.
Treatment for Norovirus
There is no specific treatment available to completely cure Norovirus. However, generic medications available for treating symptoms like diarrhea and vomiting can provide relief and aid in recovery.
Status of Norovirus Cases
Norovirus is a prevalent global health issue, with around 685 million cases reported annually. A significant portion of these cases — nearly 200 million — are detected in children younger than five years old. Tragically, close to 50,000 children succumb to the disease every year due to diarrhea caused by Norovirus, highlighting the severity of this ongoing health concern.
