The International Day of Peace, observed globally on September 21, provides an opportunity to reflect on the state of world peace and the challenges facing it. This year, the theme is ‘Shaping Peace Together’. The day has been designated by the United Nations (UN) General Assembly as a time to renew our commitment to non-violence and cease-fire, for all of 24 hours.
Origins of the International Day of Peace
The International Day of Peace’s roots trace back to 1981 when it was established by the UN General Assembly. In 2001, the assembly voted unanimously to allocate the day for promoting non-violence and cease-fire. This year also marks the 75th anniversary of the United Nations, which falls on October 24, 2020.
Challenges to Global Peace
It is imperative to understand the threats to global peace. Currently, over 25 countries are embroiled in deadly wars, leading to significant loss of life. For instance, in 2019, the World Population Review reported at least 1,000 deaths (chiefly civilians) in eight countries including Afghanistan, Yemen, Syria, and others due to military conflicts.
The Refugee Crisis
Another repercussion of the ongoing armed conflicts and persecutions is an escalating refugee crisis. As per the UN Refugee Agency, about 79.5 million people were displaced at the end of 2019.
Questionable Role of Global Powers
Global powers, particularly the permanent members of the UN Security Council – USA, Russia, and China – have a responsibility to uphold peace. However, their actions often instigate instability in pursuing geopolitical dominance. Numerous instances paint a disturbing picture: Yemen’s humanitarian disaster is largely caused by the US-backed coalition of Saudi Arabia and UAE aiming to counterbalance Iran; Libya’s chaos stems from the interference of mercenaries and weapons supplied by Russia and the US-allied Arab monarchies to curb Turkey’s influence; China’s expansionist policies and its ongoing tussle with the US heighten the threat of military clashes in Asia.
Domestic Suppressions
The use of technology for domestic surveillance and repression is prevalent, often utilized to suppress dissenting voices within countries. This trend raises serious concern for individual freedoms and democratic values.
The Power Tussle
Another strain on global peace is the conflict between powerful countries, exemplified by the burgeoning Cold War-like situation between the USA and China.
The Pandemic Challenge
The Covid-19 pandemic has compounded the challenges to global peace. The lack of access to resources, health, and education, coupled with displacement, adds a new dimension to the issues at hand.
International Day of Non-Violence
In a similar vein, the International Day of Non-Violence, observed on October 2 — the birthday of Mahatma Gandhi — serves as a reminder of the importance of non-violence. Established by the UNGA in 2007, it aims to “”disseminate the message of non-violence, including through education and public awareness””.
Way Forward
The International Day of Peace calls for introspection on the current power structure that perpetuates global discord. Intellectuals, social movements, and responsible nations should strive for an equitable world order. Addressing these imbalances will go a long way in fostering a peaceful international environment.
(Source: TH)