In the context of women’s participation in the Indian freedom struggle, it is essential to highlight their significant contributions. Recently, the Prime Minister in his Independence Day speech paid tribute to these exceptional women freedom fighters.
Rani Laxmibai: The Warrior Queen
Rani Laxmibai, born Manikarnika Tambe in 1835, was the queen of Jhansi who played a pivotal role in the First War of India’s Independence in 1857. She defiantly ruled on behalf of her adopted son, Damodar Rao, whom the British East India Company refused to recognise as the legal heir, thus planning to annex Jhansi. She valiantly fought against the British, successfully conquering the fort of Gwalior with the help of Tatya Tope and Nana Saheb. Despite being severely wounded in combat and escaping Jhansi fort, her indomitable spirit remains symbolic of Indian resistance against British rule.
Jhalkari Bai: A Trusted Adviser
Jhalkari Bai, a soldier in Rani Laxmibai’s women’s army, rose to prominence as one of the queen’s most trusted advisers. Her bravery is still remembered and celebrated by the people of Bundelkhand, who perceive her as a symbol of Bundeli identity. She devoted her life to protecting the queen, even putting herself in grave danger.
Durga Bhabhi: The Revolutionary Woman
Durgawati Devi, also known as Durga Bhabhi, was an important figure in the armed struggle against colonial rule. As a member of the Naujawan Bharat Sabha, she helped Bhagat Singh escape from the British in disguise following the killing of British police officer John Saunders. Later, she unsuccessfully attempted to assassinate Lord Hailey, the then Punjab Governor, in retaliation for the hanging of Bhagat Singh and his associates.
Rani Gaidinliu: The Spiritual and Political Leader
Rani Gaidinliu, born in 1915 in present-day Manipur, was a Naga spiritual and political leader who defied the British. She joined the Heraka religious movement, which transformed into a campaign against the British rule, encouraging people to resist paying taxes. Despite being arrested at just 16, she continued her fight until her release in 1947. Her bravery earned her the title ‘Rani’ from Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru.
Begum Hazrat Mahal: Upholding Lucknow’s Legacy
Begum Hazrat Mahal took control of Lucknow after her husband, Nawab of Awadh Wajid Ali Shah, was exiled following the 1857 revolt. She courageously wrested control from the British but was forced to retreat when the colonial rulers regained the area.
Velu Nachiyar: The Pioneer Female Soldier
Born in 1780, Velu Nachiyar waged a war against the British, years before the popular 1857 revolt. After her husband’s death in battle, she entered the conflict, rising to victory with the support of neighbouring kings. Known for creating the first human bomb and establishing the first army of trained women soldiers, her army commander Kuyili is believed to have self-immolated while attacking a British ammunition dump.
Usha Mehta: Prominent Gandhian and Freedom Fighter
Usha Mehta, born in 1920, was a notable figure in the Indian freedom struggle. At the age of eight, she joined the freedom struggle by marching against the Simon Commission. Later, during the Quit India Movement, she ran the secret Congress Radio, broadcasting messages from Gandhi and other leaders to the public.
These women’s contributions to the Indian freedom struggle are substantial and noteworthy. Their stories remain an important part of India’s history and a source of inspiration for future generations striving for equal rights and freedom.
