The Indian nation recently commemorated the 90th birth anniversary of a well-loved former President, APJ Abdul Kalam. This event was marked by a heartfelt tribute from Prime Minister Narendra Modi, as well as the launch of the Kalam Program for Intellectual Property Literacy and Awareness Campaign (KAPILA), in 2020, a program dedicated to Kalam’s lasting legacy.
APJ Abdul Kalam: Early Life and Achievements
APJ Abdul Kalam was born on October 15, 1931, in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. His birthday is now celebrated as National Innovation Day across India. He completed his science graduation from St Joseph’s College, Trichy, in 1954, following which he specialized in Aeronautical Engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology in 1957.
Kalam’s contributions to science and technology have earned him the unique distinction of receiving honorary doctorates from 48 universities and institutions both domestically and internationally. He served as India’s 11th President from 2002 to 2007. He was instrumental in the development of several successful missile projects, earning him the endearing nickname, “Missile Man”.
Pioneering Work in Fiberglass Technology
Kalam pioneered fiberglass technology at ISRO and led a young team in its design, development, and production for use in composite rocket motor cases.
Contributions to Satellite Launch Vehicles
In his role as Project Director, Kalam made significant contributions to the development of India’s first indigenous Satellite Launch Vehicle, SLV-3. The successful launch of the Rohini satellite into Near-Earth Orbit in July 1980, under his guidance, marked India’s entry into the exclusive Space Club.
Development of Indigenous Guided Missiles
After two decades at ISRO, Kalam undertook the development of Indigenous Guided Missiles at the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). As the Chief Executive of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP), Kalam’s strategic leadership in missile systems and the Pokhran-II nuclear tests solidified India’s standing as a nuclear-armed state.
Technology Vision 2020
In 1998, Kalam introduced Technology Vision 2020, an ambitious plan intended to transform India into a developed society within 20 years. The plan highlighted the increased productivity of agriculture, the role of technology in spurring economic growth, and broadening access to healthcare and education.
Promotion of Rural Prosperity and Knowledge Synergies
Passionate about rural development, Kalam promoted the Providing Urban Amenities to Rural Areas (PURA) initiative, emphasizing the key role of science and technology. Drawing from his diverse experiences, he also proposed the concept of a World Knowledge Platform to synergize the core competencies of organizations and nations in addressing the challenges of the 21st century.
Awards, Literary Works and Legacy
Kalam received several esteemed civilian awards including the Padma Bhushan (1981), the Padma Vibhushan (1990), and the highest civilian award, Bharat Ratna (1997). He penned several books including “Wings of Fire”, “India 2020 – A Vision for the New Millennium”, “My Journey”, “Ignited Minds – Unleashing the power within India”, “Indomitable Spirit”, “Guiding Souls”, “Envisioning an Empowered Nation”, and “Inspiring Thoughts”.
On July 27, 2015, the nation lost this distinguished leader in Shillong, Meghalaya but his contributions continue to inspire generations.