The Indian Freedom Movement was marked by countless heroes who devoted their lives for the nation. This heritage is diligently preserved and commemorated by the government, shedding light on the invaluable contributions of numerous freedom fighters. Part of this effort is Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, under which a bronze statue of Alluri Sitharama Raju was unveiled by the Prime Minister in Andhra Pradesh to commemorate his 125th birth anniversary on July 4th, 2022.
Life of Alluri Sitarama Raju
Alluri Sitarama Raju, also known as ‘Manyam Veerudu’, was an Indian revolutionary who played a significant part in the country’s struggle for independence. Born in 1897 or 1898 in present-day Andhra Pradesh, he adopted a life of austerity at 18, becoming a sanyasi. His knowledge of astrology and medicine, ability to tame wild animals, and his ascetic lifestyle earned him a mystical stature among the hill and tribal people.
An Influential Revolutionary in the Indian Independence Movement
Raju’s involvement in the freedom movement started young when he channeled the discontent of the hill tribes in Ganjam, Visakhapatnam, and Godavari into robust guerrilla resistance against the British. Guerrilla warfare involves utilizing military tactics such as ambushes, sabotage, raids, and hit-and-run strategies, offering an effective counter to large, less-mobile traditional militaries.
The British colonial rule threatened and upended the tribal communities’ traditional podu (shifting) cultivation. The tribals’ free movement in their forest habitats was significantly restricted due to the 1882 Madras Forest Act, preventing them from practicing podu, a form of traditional agriculture.
Hibernation and Anti-British Activities
Under these circumstances, Raju emerged as a leader in the Rampa Rebellion/Manyam Rebellion of 1922, driven by increasing discontent towards British authorities. This rebellion coincided with Mahatma Gandhi’s Non-Cooperation Movement. Raju urged people to adopt khadi and abandon alcohol consumption. However, he diverged from Gandhi’s philosophy, asserting that India’s liberation could only be achieved through force, not non-violence.
Raju’s Arrest and Execution
Raju’s revolutionary activities culminated in his arrest in 1924. He was publicly executed by the police, tied to a tree, and shot – an event that marked the end of the armed rebellion. The local villagers bestowed upon him the title “Manyam Veerudu” or Hero of the Jungle for his heroic exploits.
Today, Alluri Sitarama Raju’s contribution to the Indian freedom struggle continues to inspire many, and his life and legacy are remembered through various commemorations like the recent unveiling of his statue. His life story serves as a reminder of the price our freedom fighters paid for the independence we enjoy today.