Researchers have made a groundbreaking discovery of a deep-sea enzyme capable of efficiently degrading Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET), the world’s most commonly used thermoplastic polymer. PET, belonging to the polyester family, is produced by polymerizing ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid, yielding a versatile, flexible, and recyclable material with applications in packaging, textiles, automotive parts, and electronics. This newly found enzyme promises a sustainable solution to plastic waste, offering hope for reducing environmental pollution and supporting the circular economy.
Facts/Terms for UPSC Prelims
- Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET): PET is a widely used thermoplastic polymer known for its flexibility, transparency, and recyclability, making it a popular choice in various industries.
- Polymerization: The chemical process in which small molecules (monomers) are combined to form a large, complex molecule (polymer). In the case of PET, the polymerization of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid produces the plastic.
- Thermoplastic: A type of polymer that becomes soft and pliable when heated and solidifies upon cooling. PET is a thermoplastic, allowing it to be molded into various shapes.
- Circular Economy: An economic model that promotes sustainability by minimizing waste and maximizing the reuse, recycling, and recovery of materials. PET’s recyclability aligns with circular economy principles.
- Environmental Pollution: The introduction of harmful substances or contaminants into the natural environment, causing adverse effects. PET waste contributes to environmental pollution, highlighting the need for sustainable disposal and recycling methods.
