The Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) has made significant strides in onion cultivation. In the 2020-21 Rabi cropping season, the university unveiled a processing-grade white onion variety, PWO-2, aimed at commercial farming. This development marks a departure from the largely red colored onion varieties, PRO-6 and Punjab Naroya, predominantly grown by Punjab’s farmers.
The Existing Onion Varieties and Their Yield
The current favorites among farmers, PRO-6 and Punjab Naroya, have unique features that make them suitable for Punjab’s agro-climate. PRO-6 can be harvested approximately 120 days after transplanting with an average yield of 175 quintals per acre. On the other hand, Punjab Naroya takes a bit longer to mature, approximately 145 days, and yields slightly less at about 150 quintals per acre.
Introduction of The PWO-2 White Onion Variety
The PWO-2 white onion variant is setting a new pace in onion farming with its impressive characteristics. It matures within roughly 140 days, with an average yield of 165 quintals per acre. However, what sets it apart is its processable bulbs. These can be transformed into various dehydrated products such as flakes, powder, rings, and granules, offering an added advantage to the farmers.
A Brief Historical Overview of White Onion Varieties
PAU had previously, in 1994, released another processing-grade white onion variety named Punjab White. However, this variety did not capture the interest of farmers due to its comparatively low yield of 135 quintals per acre.
Onion Production Statistics in Punjab
| Variety | Harvest Time | Average Yield |
|---|---|---|
| PWO-2 | 140 days | 165 quintals/acre |
| PRO-6 | 120 days | 175 quintals/acre |
| Punjab Naroya | 145 days | 150 quintals/acre |
The Need for New Onion Varieties in Punjab
Punjab’s annual onion production stands at around 2-2.1 lakh tonnes, barely satisfying a third of the state’s onion requirement. This deficit, coupled with the rising prices of onions, suggests an urgent need for efficient varieties like PWO – 2. The ability to process and store these bulbs could revolutionize the onion farming sector, potentially stabilizing prices while improving income for farmers.
