The recent spotting of a unique dragonfly, Burmagomphus chaukulensis, in Kerala has been making the rounds in the news. Not long ago, another unusual species of dragonfly, Platygomphus benritarum, was discovered in Assam.
Discoveries and Distinguishing Features
The highlighted dragonfly is part of the Burmagomphus genus, which encompasses three species: B. Cauvericus, B. Pyramidalis, and B. Laidlawi. While the B. laidlawi species thrives across the Western Ghats, B. cauvericus has a more limited distribution. B. pyramidalis is found in both the Western Ghats and Peninsular India. The remaining species of this genus can be found in the Western and Eastern Himalayas. What distinguishes the new species are its lateral thorax markings and the unique shape of its anal appendages. This particular species is endemic to the Western Ghats.
About Dragonflies
Dragonflies are predatory insects that usually inhabit regions near freshwater bodies around the world. Their vibrant hues make them not only visually striking but also vital research subjects in the fields of ecology and art.
Habitat and Distribution
The majority of dragonfly species are found in tropical regions, particularly in rainforests.
Significance
Dragonflies play a pivotal role as bio-indicators of an area’s ecological health. They feed on mosquitoes and other insects that act as vectors for potentially fatal diseases like Malaria and Dengue, thus contributing to disease control.
Threats
Their existence faces a significant threat due to the rapid destruction of their habitats, thereby emphasizing the urgency for their conservation.
UPSC Civil Services Examination, Previous Year Question
For instance, in the 2019 examination, a question about the term ‘Denisovan’ was asked. The correct answer to the question is (b) an early human species. The Denisovans are an extinct hominid species, known to be close relatives of Neanderthals. They represent another early human population that resided in Asia. Studies suggest that this young girl from the Denisovan species had brown hair, eyes, and skin. Her discovery led scientists to classify a new species of archaic humans named “Denisovan”.
