India boasts a rich history and promising future in the fisheries sector, heavily contributing to the nation’s economy. Key initiatives such as Sagar Parikrama, Indian Blue Revolution and Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana have paved the way for the expansion of the industry. Despite the progress, various challenges continue to exist which need to be addressed effectively.
Sagar Parikrama Initiative: An evolutionary journey for coastal prosperity
Sagar Parikrama is a transformative initiative undertaken by the Indian Government. This journey along India’s coastal belt aims to uplift various stakeholders, particularly fishermen, by linking them with beneficial government schemes including the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) and the Kisan Credit Card (KCC).
Starting from Mandvi, Gujarat on March 5th, 2022, this coast-wise program targets bridging the gap between the expectations of fisher communities and the development of fishing villages. It also focuses on enhancing infrastructure like fishing harbors and landing centers.
The journey has been planned in multiple phases, covering distinct locations in different regions of the country.
As part of Phase V, six locations will be covered, including Raigad, Ratnagiri, and Sindhudurg Districts in Maharashtra, and Vasco, Maorugoa, and Canacona in Goa.
Assessing the Status of the Fisheries Sector in India
India, as the third-largest fish producer globally, has an influential role in fisheries and aquaculture. The Indian Blue Revolution led to significant enhancements in this sector, ultimately impacting the Indian economy. The shift from marine dominated fisheries to inland fisheries has seen the latter’s contribution to fish production increase from 36% in the mid-1980s to 70% recently.
Despite the success, the fisheries sector is plagued by challenges such as illegal and unregulated fishing, inadequate infrastructure, and socio-economic issues.
Challenges and Issues Facing the Indian Fisheries Sector
A primary concern is Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing, which speeds up overfishing, thus threatening the longevity of the sector. Outdated infrastructure and limited access to advanced technology are additional obstacles impacting the sector’s productivity.
Climate change and environmental degradation have severely affected marine ecosystems, leading to shifts in fish distribution and increased vulnerability to diseases. Socio-economic challenges faced by artisanal fishers, gender disparities, and market inefficiencies further complicate the scenario.
Revitalizing the Fisheries Sector with Government Initiatives
Several government initiatives aim to revitalize the fisheries sector. The Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana and the Palk Bay Scheme are notable mentions. The Fisheries and Aquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund (FIDF) plays a crucial role in driving the sector forward.
Aquaponics and Infrastructure Enhancement: The Way Forward
Potential solutions include adopting aquaponics, which combines fish farming with hydroponics. Upgrading the cold chain infrastructure is also crucial to prevent post-harvest losses and ensure high-quality fish products. Encouraging value addition and diversification is another viable strategy that can help increase the income of fish farmers.
Providing training and financial assistance for fish processing, packaging, and branding will also aid in expanding market opportunities and enhancing the value chain.
Tackling the prevailing challenges and leveraging the potential opportunities can ensure robust growth and development of the Indian fisheries sector.
