The Central Sector Scheme, focusing on the ‘Promotion of agricultural mechanization for In-Situ management of crop residue in the states of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and National capital territory of Delhi’, was initiated for the period between 2018-19 to 2019-20. The primary aim of this initiative is to mitigate the issue of air pollution triggered by stubble burning in these areas. This is achieved by subsidizing the machinery necessary for in-situ management of crop residue.
Key Objectives of the Scheme
Several strategic objectives underpin this scheme. Firstly, it hopes to lessen air pollution and prevent nutrient loss along with soil microorganisms obliteration caused by crop residue burning. Secondly, it promotes the in-situ handling of crop residue via suitable mechanization inputs. Thirdly, it endorses Farm Machinery Banks (FMB) or Custom Hiring Centres (CHC) to facilitate custom hiring of in-situ crop residue management machinery. This address the negative economic impacts resulting from small-scale landholdings and the high expense of individual ownership.
In addition, the scheme focuses on raising awareness among pertinent stakeholders via multiple strategies. These involve the demonstration of crop residue management techniques, capacity building efforts, and employing education and communication strategies for effective crop residue utilization and management.
Strategy for Implementation
Financial assistance is provided as part of the implementation strategy. Direct aid is given to farmers for procuring in-situ crop residue management machinery and equipment. Similarly, co-operative farmer societies, self-help groups, registered farmer societies or groups, and private entrepreneurs receive funding for establishing farm machinery banks or custom hiring centres.
Additionally, support is extended to state governments, Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK), Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) institutions, Central Government institutions, Public Sector Units (PSU) and similar entities. These bodies contribute significantly towards Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) activities.
The Need for the Scheme
Atomic table
| Substance Emitted | Impact on Health |
|---|---|
| Particulate matter | Aggravation of eye and skin diseases |
| CO | Respiratory issues |
| CO2 | Aggravation of respiratory problems |
| Ash | Deterioration of air quality |
| SO2 | Causes respiratory ailments |
Stubble burning is a significant concern as it liberates particulate matter, CO, CO2, ash and SO2 into the atmosphere. Not only does it influence human health due to the overall degradation in air quality, resulting in worsening eye and skin diseases, but it also leads to soil degradation. Stubble burning culminates in not just nutrient loss from the soil but alters its properties including soil temperature, pH, moisture levels, available phosphorus, and organic matter content.
