Swadesh Darshan Scheme – Enhancing India’s Tourism Landscape

The Swadesh Darshan Scheme, initiated in 2014-15, aims to develop theme-based tourist circuits across India. Recently, the Union Tourism Ministry reported that 76 projects have been sanctioned under this scheme, with a total allocation of ₹5,287.90 crore. Of these, 75 projects have been completed, showcasing the scheme’s progress.

Swadesh Darshan 2.0 Revamp

In response to evolving tourism needs, the scheme was revamped as Swadesh Darshan 2.0. This updated version focuses on sustainable and responsible tourism. It adopts a tourist-centric approach, aiming to enhance experiences at every touchpoint of the tourist value chain. The Ministry has introduced guidelines for ‘Challenge Based Destination Development’ as part of this initiative.

Thematic Categories for Development

Under Swadesh Darshan 2.0, proposals are invited across four thematic categories. These include Spiritual Tourism, Culture and Heritage, Vibrant Village Programme, and Ecotourism. The aim is to select and develop 42 destinations that align with these themes. This strategic categorisation is designed to attract diverse tourist demographics.

PRASHAD Scheme for Pilgrimage Sites

Alongside Swadesh Darshan, the PRASHAD Scheme focuses on enhancing pilgrimage tourism. It provides financial assistance to state governments and union territories for developing infrastructure at identified pilgrimage sites. Currently, 48 projects worth ₹1,646.99 crore are underway, with 23 already completed. This scheme aims to rejuvenate spiritual heritage and improve tourist facilities.

Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment

The government has also launched the Special Assistance to States for Capital Investment (SASCI) programme. This initiative has sanctioned 40 projects across 23 states, amounting to ₹3,295.76 crore. It aims to provide long-term interest-free loans for the comprehensive development of iconic tourist centres. This funding will help in branding and marketing these destinations globally.

Tourism Statistics and Economic Impact

In 2023, India witnessed 18.89 million International Tourist Arrivals (ITAs) and 9.52 million Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs). The tourism sector generated Foreign Exchange Earnings (FEEs) of ₹2,31,927 crore. These figures highlight the sector’s significance in India’s economy and its potential for growth.

Future Prospects of Indian Tourism

The ongoing projects under Swadesh Darshan and PRASHAD schemes are expected to boost India’s tourism sector. The focus on sustainable practices and diverse thematic developments will likely attract more tourists. Enhanced infrastructure and global marketing strategies will further position India as a premier tourist destination.

Questions for UPSC:

1. Examine the impact of the Swadesh Darshan Scheme on local economies and communities.
2. Discuss in the light of the PRASHAD Scheme how pilgrimage tourism can be revitalised in India.
3. Critically discuss the role of sustainable tourism in enhancing India’s global tourism appeal.
4. With suitable examples, discuss the significance of international tourist arrivals for India’s economic growth.

Answer Hints:

1. Examine the impact of the Swadesh Darshan Scheme on local economies and communities.

1. Creation of jobs – The scheme generates employment opportunities in tourism-related sectors, benefiting local populations.
2. Infrastructure development – Investment in roads, hotels, and amenities enhances local infrastructure, improving quality of life.
3. Boost to local businesses – Increased tourist footfall supports local shops, artisans, and service providers, stimulating economic growth.
4. Community engagement – Involvement of local communities in tourism planning encourages ownership and promotes cultural heritage.
5. Environmental sustainability – Focus on sustainable practices helps protect local ecosystems, ensuring long-term economic benefits.

2. Discuss in the light of the PRASHAD Scheme how pilgrimage tourism can be revitalised in India.

1. Infrastructure improvement – The PRASHAD Scheme funds development of facilities at pilgrimage sites, enhancing visitor experiences.
2. Promotion of lesser-known sites – By focusing on diverse pilgrimage destinations, the scheme can attract tourists to less-explored areas.
3. Integration with local culture – Revitalizing pilgrimage tourism can involve local traditions and practices, enriching the spiritual experience.
4. Collaboration with local governments – Engaging state and local authorities ensures that initiatives align with community needs and resources.
5. Marketing strategies – Enhanced branding and global marketing can increase awareness and interest in India’s pilgrimage offerings.

3. Critically discuss the role of sustainable tourism in enhancing India’s global tourism appeal.

1. Preservation of cultural heritage – Sustainable tourism promotes the conservation of historical sites and local traditions, attracting heritage-focused tourists.
2. Environmental conservation – Sustainable practices reduce ecological footprints, appealing to environmentally conscious travelers.
3. Community involvement – Engaging local communities in tourism development encourages authentic experiences and enhances visitor satisfaction.
4. Long-term viability – Ensuring resources are used responsibly sustains tourism growth and protects the interests of future generations.
5. Global recognition – Commitment to sustainability can improve India’s image as a responsible tourism destination on the global stage.

4. With suitable examples, discuss the significance of international tourist arrivals for India’s economic growth.

1. Foreign exchange earnings – In 2023, tourism generated ₹2,31,927 crore, contributing to India’s foreign exchange reserves.
2. Job creation – International tourist arrivals stimulate job growth in hospitality, transportation, and local businesses.
3. Investment attraction – Increased international visitors can lead to more foreign investments in tourism infrastructure and services.
4. Regional development – Popular tourist destinations often see improved infrastructure and services, benefiting surrounding areas economically.
5. Global market positioning – High international tourist arrivals enhance India’s reputation as a prime travel destination, attracting more visitors.