GS-II refers to the General Studies Paper II in the civil services examination. It covers various subjects. These include Indian polity, governance, and international relations. The paper assesses knowledge of the Constitution and laws. It also examines the functioning of the Indian political system. Candidates must understand socio-economic development. Current affairs related to these topics are crucial for success.
India’s welfare delivery system is increasingly relying on digital automation. The latest development is the mandatory use of Facial Recognition Software (FRS) in Anganwadi centres. These centres, set...
India’s aspiration to emerge as a Great Power continues to shape its global strategy in 2025. Despite scepticism from some quarters, India’s progress reflects a unique trajectory distinct...
The Indus Waters Treaty (IWT), a 65-year-old water-sharing agreement between India and Pakistan, has recently been put in abeyance by India following the terrorist attack in Pahalgam in...
Recent developments in 2025 have brought renewed focus on the longstanding fisheries dispute between India and Sri Lanka. During Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to Colombo in April...
China’s Ministry of Industry and Information Technology introduced new interim measures in 2025 to tighten control over rare earth mining and processing. These rules aim to centralise oversight...
The history of caste-based reservations in India is marked by two landmark events - the Poona Pact of 1932 and the Mandal Commission implementation in 1990. These milestones...
Recent developments in India have brought into light critical issues around women’s roles in the domestic sphere. Despite claims of women-led development by political leaders, deep-rooted problems persist....
Recent global developments have intensified concerns over the stability of international trade. At the 2025 BRICS summit, External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar brought into light the risks of...
The United Nations Security Council decided in 2025 to start an orderly and safe drawdown of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) by 2027. The 10,000-strong peacekeeping...
The rare earth elements (REEs) market in 2025 remains a critical battleground for global economic and military influence. China continues to dominate the supply chain, leveraging its control...
