A recent study conducted by researchers has uncovered a growing area of active tectonic deformation in the northern plains of Haryana.
Tectonic Activities and the Extinction of the Saraswati River:
- Role of Tectonic Activities: The researchers suggest that tectonic activities may have contributed to the extinction of the Vedic Saraswati River, which once flowed through the region. These activities could have altered the course and hydrology of the river, eventually leading to its disappearance.
- Active Deformation in Haryana: The study reveals that the piedmont zone of Haryana is experiencing active deformation, indicating a potential future seismic hazard. This deformation has resulted in the upwarping of the piedmont zone, with a 10-12 km wide badland zone parallel to the Himalayan strike.
- River Course Shifts: The upliftment in the piedmont zone has caused the rivers in the region to shift their courses in response. This migration pattern of the rivers reflects the dynamic nature of the tectonic forces at play in the area.
Understanding the Piedmont Zone:
- Definition and Characteristics: The piedmont zone refers to a transition zone located at the foot of mountains or hills. It acts as an intermediary between the rugged terrain of the mountains and the relatively flat plains.
- Active Tectonic Deformation in the Piedmont Zone: The study identifies the piedmont zone between the Ghaggar and Yamuna River basins as displaying signs of active tectonic deformations. These deformations indicate ongoing geological processes in the area.
Implications for Seismic Hazards:
- Seismic Zone IV: The piedmont zone in the study area falls within seismic zone IV, as classified in India’s zonation map. Seismic zone IV denotes an area with a moderate level of seismic activity, highlighting the potential for future seismic hazards in the region.
- Future Seismic Hazard Zone: The active tectonic deformation observed in the piedmont zone of Haryana raises concerns regarding its potential as a future seismic hazard zone. This finding underscores the importance of monitoring and assessing seismic risks in the area.