The recent trend of the tiger population in Indian reserves shows a positive inclination, as per the fourth cycle of the All India Tiger Estimation (AITE). Specifically, this upward surge has been recorded within the states, Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. Notably, the Nagarjunasagar Srisailam Tiger Reserve (NSTR), situated in Andhra Pradesh, reports an increment in the tiger count which reverses the previously noted decrease over a certain period. To further assist this growth, the Tiger Conservation Foundation (TCF) released an action plan, amplifying its endeavours for the augmentation of these majestic creatures in what is the largest tiger reserve in the country.
A Look into the Historical Background of NSTR
Designated as the largest tiger reserve in India, NSTR was officially recognized in 1978. Three years later, in 1983, it received protection under the aegis of Project Tiger. In 1992, the reserve further solidified its importance with the new title of Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary.
Geographical Aspects of NSTR
Encompassing five districts between Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, NSTR predominantly comprises the Nallamala Hills. The region also features two multipurpose reservoirs—Srisailam and Nagarjunasagar, while the Krishna River courses through the expanse of this reserve.
Fauna and Flora: A Diverse Ecosystem
On the ecological front, NSTR offers a rich variety of wildlife. Besides the Bengal Tiger, recognized as the top predator in the food chain, the reserve houses numerous other species. These include the leopard, rusty-spotted cat, pangolin, Mugger Crocodiles, and the Indian Rock Python. Furthermore, the area serves as a habitat for a plethora of bird species.
Similarly, the vegetation in NSTR range from southern tropical dry mixed deciduous forest to the southern thorn forest. Additionally, a dense population of shrubs and bamboo thickets proliferates throughout the area.
| Species | Description |
|---|---|
| Tigers | Apex predator of the reserve |
| Leopards | Large carnivore seen across the reserve |
| Pangolin | A rare mammal known for its protective keratin scales |
| Mugger Crocodiles | Freshwater species native to Indian subcontinent |
| Indian Rock Python | Large non-venomous snake |
About Project Tiger
Initiated in 1973 as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme, Project Tiger is helmed by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change. The scheme offers central assistance to the tiger States for maintaining tiger conservation in marked tiger reserves within India. The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) oversees the administration of this project.
