Tripura has recently garnered national recognition for its commendable efforts in combating tuberculosis (TB) through the TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan. This achievement was celebrated on World TB Day, denoting the state’s dedication to public health. Chief Minister Manik Saha announced the award, expressing gratitude to health officials and community members involved in the initiative. The campaign has successfully screened millions and improved TB treatment coverage across India.
TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan
The TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan is a national initiative aimed at eliminating tuberculosis in India. Launched in December 2024, the campaign focuses on extensive screening, diagnosis, and treatment of TB. It employs a ‘whole of society’ and ‘whole of government’ approach to mobilise resources and community participation.
Screening and Detection
In just 100 days, the campaign screened approximately 12.97 crore individuals. This extensive effort identified over 7.19 lakh TB patients, with a notable number being asymptomatic. The use of advanced technologies, including handheld X-ray units and Nucleic Acid Amplification Testing, facilitated the detection of TB in remote areas.
Community Engagement
The initiative involved over 5,000 MLAs and 10,000 Gram Panchayats. Community screening camps, known as Nikshay Shivirs, were set up to raise awareness and provide services directly to the populace. More than 1,05,181 Nikshay Mitras registered to assist in the campaign, distributing food baskets to TB patients.
Technological Innovations
Innovative technologies played important role in the campaign’s success. RT-PCR machines, initially used for COVID-19 testing, were adapted for TB screening. Indigenous diagnostic kits developed by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) improved efficiency and reduced costs.
Focus on Vulnerable Populations
The campaign specifically targeted vulnerable groups, including individuals with a history of TB, undernourished individuals, and those with chronic illnesses. Enforced screening measures were implemented to ensure these populations received timely care.
Recognition and Future Plans
The efforts of various states and union territories were acknowledged for their performance in the TB Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan. The central government plans to expand the campaign nationwide, aiming for comprehensive coverage and continued commitment to TB elimination.
Questions for UPSC:
- Critically discuss the impact of community health initiatives on the overall health outcomes in India.
- Examine the role of technology in enhancing disease detection and management in public health campaigns.
- What are the key strategies employed in India’s TB elimination efforts? How effective have they been?
- Point out the challenges faced in screening and treating tuberculosis in rural areas of India.
