Researchers have made a significant discovery in Brazil, unearthing one of the most well-preserved fossils of Tupandactylus navigans, a species of flying reptile. Remarkably, this fossil not only includes bones but also soft tissues, providing an unprecedented glimpse into the life of these ancient creatures. The fossil was found encased across six square-cut limestone slabs, which has helped to keep it in such exceptional condition.
Discovery of the Tupandactylus navigans Fossil
The Tupandactylus navigans fossil was discovered in the Crato Formation in Brazil, a geological formation known for its rich deposits of Early Cretaceous flora and fauna. The preservation of this specimen is particularly noteworthy due to the presence of soft tissues alongside the bones, which is rare in the fossil record. The soft tissues can offer valuable insights into the physiology and behavior of the species that are often not possible with bones alone.
Preservation Across Limestone Slabs
The process of fossilization often depends on the conditions under which the organism’s remains were buried. In the case of the Tupandactylus navigans, the remains were preserved across six square-cut limestone slabs. Limestone is known for its ability to preserve fossils in fine detail, and the cutting of the slabs likely contributed to the protection and intactness of the specimen. This method of preservation has allowed for a more comprehensive analysis of the creature’s anatomy.
Lifestyle and Capabilities of Tupandactylus navigans
The study of the Tupandactylus navigans fossil has led researchers to conclude that this species had a terrestrial foraging lifestyle. This suggests that while it was capable of flight, it spent considerable time on land searching for food. The fossil provides evidence that Tupandactylus navigans was capable of powered flight, which would have been aided by its large wingspan and muscular structure.
Distinctive Features: Large Crest and Chin
One of the most striking features of Tupandactylus navigans, as revealed by the fossil, is the significantly large crest on its chin. This crest is believed to have played a role in the animal’s mating rituals, social interactions, or may have been used to help control flight. The crest is a characteristic feature of the Tapejaridae family, to which Tupandactylus navigans belongs.
Tapejarids: A Subgroup of Pterosaurs
Tapejarids are a subgroup of pterosaurs that lived during the Early Cretaceous period. They are known for their distinctive large head crests, which vary in shape and size among different species. Pterosaurs, the first vertebrates known to have evolved powered flight, are an extinct group of flying reptiles that existed alongside dinosaurs. Tapejarids, in particular, have been found in large numbers in Brazil, indicating that they were once prevalent in this region.
Fossil Abundance and Condition in Brazil
Brazil is home to a wealth of pterosaur fossils, including those of tapejarids. However, most of these specimens are only partial remains, making the discovery of a well-preserved Tupandactylus navigans fossil all the more significant. The abundance of fossils in Brazil provides paleontologists with a rich source of information about the diversity and evolution of pterosaurs in this part of the world.
In summary, the discovery of the Tupandactylus navigans fossil offers valuable insights into the anatomy, behavior, and ecology of these ancient flying reptiles. The exceptional preservation of the specimen, including soft tissues, allows for a more detailed understanding of the species, contributing to our knowledge of prehistoric life on Earth.
